On the surface, the recent mobilization of opposition to the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) over the internet appears to be yet another cyberactivism success. Yet, the antiSOPA movement should have been doomed to failure for two reasons. First, the issue was too abstract to mobilize local kinship and friendship groups. Second, because mass media interests were served by the bill, mass media was ...

Glutamate-inserting ochre suppressors have been identified among late-arising, spontaneous revertants of a hisG428 mutant of Salmonella typhimurium and an argE3 mutant of Escherichia coli. The S. typhimurium suppressors mapped in the tRNA2(Glu) gene gltU at 82 min; those in E. coli were found to be in tRNA2(Glu) genes gltW at 56 min, gltU at 85 min, and gltT at 90 min.

We present the tool UFIT (Uppaal Fault Injector for Timed automata). In UFIT, we model five types of faults, namely, message loss, transient, byzantine, stuck-at, and fail-stop faults. Given the fault-free timed automata model and the selection of a type of fault, UFIT models the faults and generates the fault-affected timed automata model automatically. As a result, the designer can analyze th...

We show that the mechanism of quantum freeze of fidelity decay for perturbations with a zero time average, recently discovered for a specific case of integrable dynamics [New J. Phys. 5, 109 (2003)], can be generalized to arbitrary quantum dynamics. We work out explicitly the case of a chaotic classical counterpart, for which we find semiclassical expressions for the value and the range of the ...

BACKGROUND Smoking-cessation treatment policies could yield substantial increases in adult quit rates in the U.S. PURPOSE The goals of this paper are to model the effects of individual cessation treatment policies on population quit rates, and to illustrate the potential benefits of combining policies to leverage their synergistic effects. METHODS A mathematical model is updated to examine ...

AIMS To compare abrupt and gradual smoking cessation. DESIGN AND SETTING Randomized trial and observational study, Internet, 2007-2010. PARTICIPANTS Smokers with no strong preference for abrupt or gradual quitting were randomly assigned to quitting immediately (n=472), or to gradually reducing their cigarette consumption over 2 weeks and then quit (n=502). Smokers who strongly preferred to ...

Fail-stop signature (FSS) schemes protect a signer against a forger with unlimited computational power by enabling the signer to provide a proof of forgery, if it occurs. In this paper, we show a flaw in a previously proposed fail-stop signature that is based on the difficulty of factorization, and then describe a secure scheme based on the same assumption.

Past research found that environmental uncertainty leads people to behave differently depending on their childhood environment. For example, economic uncertainty leads people from poor childhoods to become more impulsive while leading people from wealthy childhoods to become less impulsive. Drawing on life history theory, we examine the psychological mechanism driving such diverging responses t...