A reduction in leaf stomatal conductance (g) with increasing leaf-to-air difference in water vapour pressure (D) is nearly ubiquitous. Ecological comparisons of sensitivity have led to the hypothesis that the reduction in g with increasing D serves to maintain leaf water potentials above those that would cause loss of hydraulic conductance. A reduction in leaf water potential is commonly hypoth...

Growth at elevated CO2 often decreases photosynthetic capacity (acclimation) and leaf N concentrations. Lower-shaded canopy leaves may undergo both CO2 and shade acclimation. The relationship of acclimatory responses of flag and lower-shaded canopy leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to the N content, and possible factors affecting N gain and distribution within the plant were investigated i...

The effect of potassium starvation on stomatal conductance was studied in olive trees and sunflower plants, two major crops with greatly differing botanical characteristics. In both species, K(+) starvation inhibited water-stress-induced stomatal closure. In olive trees, potassium starvation favoured stomatal conductance and transpiration, as well as inhibiting shoot growth, in the three cultiv...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Daytime root-zone temperature may be a significant factor regulating water flux through plants. Water flux can also occur during the night but nocturnal stomatal response to environmental drivers such as root-zone temperature remains largely unknown. METHODS Here nocturnal and daytime leaf gas exchange was quantified in 'Shiraz' grapevines (Vitis vinifera) exposed to three...

The weather patterns of the west side of the Sierra Nevada Mountains (cold, wet winters and hot, dry summers) strongly influence how water is partitioned between transpiration and evaporation and result in a specific strategy of water use by ponderosa pine trees (Pinus ponderosa) in this region. To investigate how year-round water fluxes were partitioned in a young ponderosa pine ecosystem in t...

The effects of waterlogging the soil on leaf water potential, leaf epidermal conductance, transpiration, root conductance to water flow, and petiole epinasty have been examined in the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Stomatal conductance and transpiration are reduced by 30% to 40% after approximately 24 hours of soil flooding. This is not due to a transient water deficit, as leaf water p...

The impacts of Dust and Sand Storms (DSS) on people, crops, livestock, infrastructure and health are well documented. Data have accumulated on the deleterious effects of dust aerosols when they settle on plants. Sand blasting of low growing plants is a common cause of failure in reforestation efforts. Burial of plants by moving sands are also a cause of much damage. The physics of moving sand a...

expansion of apple growing to dry areas requires reliable approaches to select genotypes tolerant to water stress. we have simulated apple tree transpiration (ec) from different commercial orchards and compared it with actual transpiration (ea) derived from sap flow measurements. the modelling approach lies in rearranging a parameterized p–m equation and incorporating in it a stomatal conductan...

Significant night-time stomatal conductance and transpiration were found for 11 out of 17 species with a range of life histories (herbaceous annual, perennial grass, shrub, tree), photosynthetic pathways (C(3), C(4)), and habitats in the western United States. Across species and habitats, higher night-time conductance and transpiration were associated with higher daytime values. The prevalence,...

the impacts of dust and sand storms (dss) on people, crops, livestock, infrastructure and health are well documented. data have accumulated on the deleterious effects of dust aerosols when they settle on plants. sand blasting of low growing plants is a common cause of failure in reforestation efforts. burial of plants by moving sands are also a cause of much damage. the physics of moving sand a...