Quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are an important class of quantum error correcting codes. In such codes, each qubit only affects a constant number syndrome bits, and bit relies on some qubits. Constructing LDPC is challenging. It open problem to understand if there exist good i.e. with rate relative distance. Furthermore, techniques perform fault-tolerant gates poorly understood. ...

A great deal of research has demonstrated that learning is influenced by the learner’s prior background knowledge (e.g. Murphy, 2002; Keil, 1990), but little is known about the processes by which prior knowledge is deployed. We explore the role of explanation in deploying prior knowledge by examining the joint effects of eliciting explanations and providing prior knowledge in a task where each ...

the markowitz issue of optimization can’t be solved by precise mathematical methods such as second order schematization, when real world condition and limitations are considered. on the other hand, most managers prefer to manage a small portfolio of available assets in place of a huge portfolio. it can be analogized to cardinal constrains, that is, constrains related to minimum and maximum curr...

Decoherence dynamics of quarkonia is studied in the high-temperature deconfined phase SU($N_c$) gauge theories. In particular, we analyze symmetry properties stochastic potential model and find a novel "event-by-event" for $N_c=2$ case, similar to $G$-parity hadronic systems. This constrains relation between diagonal off-diagonal components quarkonium density matrix, leaving latter be finite at...

Current numerical model checkers for stochastic systems can efficiently analyse stochastic models. However, the fact that they are unable to provide debugging information constrains their practical use. In precursory work we proposed a method to select diagnostic traces, in the parlance of functional model checking commonly referred to as failure traces or counterexamples, for probabilistic tim...

This paper is a review of previous works on the stochastic background of gravitational waves (SBGWs) which has been discussed in various peerreviewed journals and international conferences. The SBGWs is analyzed with the aid of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data. We emphasize that, in general, in previous works in the literature about the SBGWs, old Cosmic Background Explorer ...

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expresse...