Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for medically intractable Parkinson's disease (PD) is well established, but carries the inconveniences of frame-based neurosurgery. Previous reports have demonstrated that ventricular shunt placement and some functional procedures can be accurately performed using frameless stereotaxy. We present a report indicating that staged deep brain electrode placement can be ...

An initiative is undertaken by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre to extend affordable high quality neurosurgical practice in India. This automates the frameless Stereotaxy using a high precision 6 DOF Parallel Kinematic Mechanism (6D PKM) based Robot and a Surgical Coordinate Measuring Mechanism (SCMM). The system provides high accuracy as well as high patient comfort level as compared to conventio...

a Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Stereotaxy and Radiosurgery, Hospital General de México, Mexico City, Mexico b Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico c Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology, Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico City, Mexico d Master’s Degree in Neuropsychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico e Epilepsy C...

The spinal cord is an integral part of central nervous system, therefore it can be expected that spinal cord has the same properties as the brain. Movement activity is realized by the activation of individual motoneurons of various spinal cord segments under the influence of analytical function of the spinal cord. When a hypothesis is accepted that the mentioned large volume of spinal cord whit...

In this paper, we propose a low cost, robust vision based system for monitoring patient movements during stereotactic radiotherapy: the Monocular Visual Patient Movement Monitoring (MVPM) System. The system consists of a light weight mouth bite with dual fiducial system used for position tracking. One set of fiducials consist of easy-to-detect checkerboard whose 3D position can be tracked using...

Minimally invasive techniques in neurosurgery evolved in two steps. Many minimally invasive concepts like neuronavigation, endoscopy, or frame based stereotaxy were developed by the pioneers of neurosurgery, but it took decades till further technical developments made the realization and broad clinical application of these early ideas safe and possible. This thesis will be demonstrated by givin...

1 Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany 2 Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany 3 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK 4 Department of Health Informatics, Informatics Instit...

BACKGROUND The microTargeting™ platform (MTP) stereotaxy system (FHC Inc., Bowdoin, Me., USA) was FDA approved in 2001 utilizing rapid-prototyping technology to create custom platforms for human stereotaxy procedures. It has also been called the STarFix (surgical targeting fixture) system since it is based on the concept of a patient- and procedure-specific surgical fixture. This is an alternat...

INTRODUCTION Stereotactic radiotherapy has been majorly applied to the intracranial targets as primary or metastatic brain tumors, benign tumors, vascular malformations as arteriovenous malformations(AVM) or angiographically occult vascular malformations(AoVM), and functional neurologic diseases as neuralgias since 1951, when Dr. Leksell, a Swedish neurosurgeon, used radiation making intentiona...