Bovine mastitis is the most important source of loss for the dairy industry. A rapid and specific test for the detection of the main pathogens of bovine mastitis is not actually available. Molecular probes reacting in PCR with bacterial DNA from bovine milk, providing direct and rapid detection of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Str...

The epigenetics of methylated and unmethylated DCR1 DCR2 (decoy receptors 1 2) are genes encoding membrane that can bind to TRAIL causing inhibition in the apoptotic pathway. Epigenetic detection was developed as a biomarker breast cancer. One methods is using PCR. most important step PCR process determination annealing temperature. This research performs Tm analysis insilico program from Neb, ...

The presence of PCR inhibitors in water samples is well known and contributes to the fact that a practical PCR assay has not been developed for legionella surveillance. In this study, we devised a new seminested PCR assay for detection of Legionella spp. in water samples as a means of overriding the PCR inhibitors without loss of sensitivity. The seminested PCR assay utilized primers to amplify...

Selecting specific primers is crucial for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nonspecific primers will bind to unintended genes and result in nonspecific amplicons. MFEprimer is a program for checking the specificity of PCR primers against the background DNA. In this chapter, we introduce: (1) the factors that affect the specificity of primers; (2) the principle of MFEprimer and its settings; (3) ...

We developed an accurate, rapid, and modestly labor-intensive method to precisely quantitate mRNA species by one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This approach combines the high specificity of quantitative competitive PCR with the sensitivity of laser-induced fluorescence capillary electrophoresis (LIF-CE). Both cDNA synthesis and PCR amplification are performed wi...