This paper develops a theory of putty-clay investment under factor price uncertainty using a Brownian motion framework. Ex ante the 4rm faces a choice of technologies that di5er by their relative factor intensities, but ex post technologies are Leontief. The presence of competing technologies and factor price uncertainty can cause delay of pro4table investments for a monopolist 4rm facing a one...

In this paper stochastic linear programming (SLP) is considered from the model management point of view. General model management issues specific to SLP are discussed in connection with their implementation in SLP-IOR. The central topic of the paper is SLP-IOR itself which is a model management system for SLP being under development by the authors. The presentation is concentrated on single and...

Leontief function is one of the most widely used function in economic modeling, for both production and preferences. However it lacks the desirable property of diminishing returns. In this paper, we consider piecewise Leontief concave (p-Leontief) utility function which consists of a set of Leontief-type segments with decreasing returns and upper limits on the utility. Leontief is a special cas...

A wave matrix is presented consisting of price and quantity elasticities. Its eigenvalues determine the feasible cycles of a dynamic Leontief system. A numerical illustration and a 20-year trajectory are computed with the aid of a seven sector USA matrix for the year 1958. A short discussion of further work required closes the paper. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classif...

1 Background Total impact multipliers (TIMs) are factors derived from input–output analysis (IOA) that show the total, economy-wide attribution of impacts from production to one unit of final demand. One example is the attribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of all industries in an economy to the final demand of a particular product. This metric is called the carbon footprint of the produ...

PURPOSE To develop a quantitative understanding of scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) for retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) assessment in glaucoma diagnosis and management. METHODS The Mueller calculus was used to model the polarization optics of SLP. A birefringent retinal structure (RNFL or macula) was represented as a circularly symmetric linear retarder with a radial slow axis. The birefring...

Solving a stochastic linear programming (SLP) problem involves selecting an SLP solver, transmitting the model data to the solver and retrieving and interpreting the results. After shortly introducing the SLP model classes in the first part of the paper we give a general discussion of these various facets of solving SLP problems. The second part consists of an overview on the model–solver conne...

PURPOSE To evaluate the use of scanning laser polarimetry (SLP, GDx VCC) to measure the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in order to evaluate the progression of glaucoma. METHODS Test-retest measurement variability was determined in 47 glaucomatous eyes. One eye each from 152 glaucomatous patients with at least 4 years of follow-up was enrolled. Visual field (VF) loss progression wa...