The spatial and temporal distributions of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) are investigated, using monthly data from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis for the period 1980–2004. Patterns of atmospheric forcing are identified in observations of sea level pressure and air–sea heat fluxes. It is found that a significant fraction of SST variability in the ACC...

Sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the tropical Pacific (TP) has world-wide climate and economic influences; hence, improving its prediction is of great interest. Recent modeling studies suggested that north Atlantic can influence TP SST prediction. However, models are subject to biases both Pacific, it remains an open question whether these affect trans-basin linkages SST. To investi...

Recent advances in neural network modeling have led to the nonlinear generalization of classical multivariate analysis techniques such as principal component analysis and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The nonlinear canonical correlation analysis (NLCCA) method is used to study the relationship between the tropical Pacific sea level pressure (SLP) and sea surface temperature (SST) fields...

[1] The amplitude of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is known to fluctuate in long records derived from observations and general circulation models (GCMs), even when driven by constant external forcings. This involves an interaction between the ENSO cycle and the background mean state, which affects the climatological precipitation over the eastern equatorial Pacific. The changes in cli...

A simple midlatitude coupled model for idealized ocean basins is used to investigate processes of ocean– atmosphere interaction and its role in interdecadal climate variability at midlatitudes. The ocean model consists of a linearized quasigeostrophic upper ocean layer and a sea surface temperature (SST) equation for an embedded surface mixed layer. The atmospheric response to the ocean is thro...

[1] Many previous studies suggested that the anomalous Northern Hemisphere annular mode (NAM) and associated low boundary forcing (e.g., snow cover) greatly influence the China winter monsoon (CWM) variability on interannual to inter-decadal timescales. In this article, it is found that the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM) also well correlates with the two observed CWM major modes, which ...