This study was performed to analyze the spray, combustion, and air pollutant characteristic of JP-5 fuel for naval aircraft in a spray visualization system single-cylinder CRDI diesel engine that can be visualized. The analysis results were compared with DF. tip penetration showed diminished as developed. had highest ROHR ROPR regardless injection timings. physicochemical characteristics JP-5, ...

Liquid fuel injection and atomization have a significant influence on the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engines. Using x-ray radiography, it is possible to obtain quantitative and time-resolved data in the primary breakup region close to the injector nozzle. However, most previous studies on model validations have employed optical measurements that are not applicable in this...

This paper describes an evaluation of a neural network technique for modelling fuel spray penetration in the cylinder of a diesel internal combustion engine. The model was implemented using a multi-layer perceptron neural network. Two engine operating parameters were used as inputs to the model, namely injection pressure and in-cylinder pressure. Spray penetration length were modelled on the ba...

Solution is developed for the build!up\ steady and post!arrest dissipative pore ~uid pressure _elds that develop around a conical penetrometer advanced in a poroelastic medium[ The analog with cone penetrometer testing is direct\ and is used to enable continuous distributions of permeability and di}usivity to be determined\ with depth[ Solution for a point normal dislocation migrating in a poro...

Abstract This work presents the experimental results of a fluid dynamic investigation to characterize injection supercritical water in combustion chamber an internal engine. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) analysis is carried out optically accessible 2-stroke Diesel A prechamber, equipped with two optical accesses connected main cylinder through tangential duct so that piston stroke induces sw...

In vivo insertion experiments are essential to optimize novel neural implants. Our work focuses on the interaction between intact dura mater of rats and as-fabricated single-shaft silicon microprobes realized by deep reactive ion etching. Implantation parameters like penetration force and dimpling through intact dura mater were studied as a function of insertion speed, microprobe cross-section,...

The Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyaciona frustrana (Comstock), a common regeneration pest of loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., has been shown to reduce tree volume yields through larval feeding. Chemical applications can be effective in protecting trees from the growth losses associated with this feeding, and optimum spray timing values are commonly used to reduce the number of necessary application...

Bay laurel is an evergreen, commercially grown and expensive ornamental pot plant, which is susceptible to different pests like aphids, scale and lerp insects, thrips, caterpillars of codling moth and sooty moulds. Recently, caterpillars of the Mediterranean carnation leafroller (Cacoecimorpha pronubana) cause more and more problems. These pests can lead to important financial losses for the gr...

This Review provides a general understanding of paper spray-MS, including the methodology and theory associated with a number of different related applications. This method has become a direct sampling/ionization method for mass spectrometric analysis at ambient conditions and, as a result, it has greatly simplified and increased the speed of mass-spectrum analysis. It has now become an increas...