The majority of miscarriages are sporadic and most result from genetic causes that are greatly influenced by maternal age. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined by two or more failed clinical pregnancies, and up to 50% of cases of RPL will not have a clearly defined etiology.

bilateral spontaneous tubal ectopic pregnancy is the rarest form of extra uterine pregnancy. the diagnosis is usually made intraoperatively and levels of serum bhcg and ultrasound has not been useful in the diagnosis of bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancy. a 33-year-old woman with 8 weeks amenorrhea and sever lower abdominal pain was admitted. a transvaginal pelvic ultrasound revealed left adnexa...

Spontaneous pneumothorax complicating pregnancy is rare. Only 55 cases have been reported till now. We describe a case of a 30-year-old Indian woman with spontaneous pneumothorax during her 28(th) week of pregnancy.

In this paper, a generalized logistic regression model for correlated observations is used to analyze epidemiologic data on the frequency of spontaneous abortion among a group of women office workers. The results are compared to those obtained from the use of the standard logistic regression model that assumes statistical independence among all the pregnancies contributed by one woman. In this ...

Spontaneous quadruplet is rarely seen. Quadruplet pregnancy is accompanied with severe complications such as abortion , premature labor , first trimester vaginal bleeding , anemia and …etc . Our patient was a 29- year old lady with history of first pregnancy twin that was aborted. In the second pregnancy at three months of gestation sonography showed quadruplet pregnancy so cerclage was perfo...

Background: Many advances have been made in reproductive medicine yet the spontaneous loss of a pregnancy remains the most common complication of pregnancy. The aetiology of spontaneous recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is multifactorial. Y chromosome microdeletions are found in approximately 7% of men with low sperm counts and, compared to the general population, a higher frequency of spontaneous...

Background: The role of apolipoprotien E polymorphisms do not diagnostic correctly in recurrent pregnancy loss etiology but Apo E has been shown to play an important role in lipid metabolism in pregnancy. We evaluated these polymorphisms in Iranian women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Materials and Methods: 5 ml Blood were sampling from 81 women with a history of two or more consecu...

Background: To determine the incidence of an abnormal glucose tolerance test in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion and whether metformin would safely reduce the rate of first trimester spontaneous abortions in patients without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as well as with PCOS and an abnormal glucose tolerance test. Materials and Methods: Patients with a history of recurrent sponta...

HKJGOM 2007; 7 (1) 53 Introduction It is commonly thought that the presence of an intra-uterine pregnancy excludes the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy because heterotopic pregnancy is extremely rare. This may be reasonable with the estimated incidence of heterotopic pregnancy at 1 in 30 000 in the past. However recent studies have noted an increase in incidence to 1 in 4000 to 1 in 8000, with hi...

BACKGROUND The predictive value of ovarian reserve tests (ORTs) for spontaneous pregnancy is unclear. Our study aimed to determine whether ORTs have added value to previously identified prognostic factors for spontaneous pregnancy in subfertile ovulatory couples. METHODS A prospective cohort study was performed on 474 subfertile ovulatory couples in two hospitals in Groningen, The Netherlands...