As the field of nanotechnology continues to grow, evaluating the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles is important in furthering their application within biomedicine. Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles of different morphologies of yttrium oxide, a promising material for biological imaging applications. Nanoparticles of spherical, rod-like, and platelet m...

Due to the breakdown of Derjaguin approximation at the nanoscale level apart from the neglect of the atomic discrete structure, the underestimated number density of atoms, and surface effects, the continuum Hamaker model does not hold to describe interactions between a spherical nanoparticle and a flat surface. In this work, the interaction forces including van der Waals (vdW) attraction, Born ...

We investigate the effect of various spherical nanoparticles on chain dimensions in polymer melts for high nanoparticle loading which is larger than the percolation threshold, using molecular dynamics simulations. We show that polymer chains are unperturbed by the presence of repulsive nanoparticles. In contrast polymer chains can be perturbed by the presence of attractive nanoparticles when th...

Herein, we describe a rapid, divergent method for using spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) as a universal platform for attaching RNA to DNA-modified nanoparticles using enzyme-mediated techniques. This approach provides a sequence-specific method for the covalent attachment of one or more in vitro transcribed RNAs to a universal SNA scaffold, regardless of RNA sequence. The RNA-nanoparticle constru...

In this paper a numerical investigation is performed to study the effects of different nanofluids on convective heat transfer enhancement in a partitioned square cavity subject to different shapes of nanoparticle using water-SiO2 nanofluid. This study has been carried out to analyze the effects of SiO2 nanoparticle, its volumetric fraction between 2 and 4%, and nanoparticle shape (i.e. blades, ...

Nonlinear thermo-optical properties of two-layered spherical system of gold nanoparticle core and water vapor shell, created under laser heating of nanoparticle in water, were theoretically investigated. Vapor shell expansion leads to decreasing up to one to two orders of magnitude in comparison with initial values of scattering and extinction of the radiation with wavelengths 532 and 633 nm by...

Changes in the shape and size of Co, Pt and Au nanoparticles induced by swift heavy-ion irradiation (SHII) have been characterized using a combination of transmission electron microscopy, small-angle x-ray scattering and x-ray absorption near-edge structure. Elemental nanoparticles of diameters 2-15 nm were first formed in amorphous SiO 2 by ion implantation and thermal annealing and then irrad...

Over the last decade, plasmonic antireflecting nanostructures have been extensively studied to be utilized in various optical and optoelectronic systems such as lenses, solar cells, photodetectors, and others. The growing interest to all-dielectric photonics as an alternative optical technology along with plasmonics motivates us to compare antireflective properties of plasmonic and all-dielectr...