The present aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different parameters influencing pounding in highway bridges. Pounding is the result of a collision between two parts of the deck and/or the deck and abutments at the separation distance during the earthquake.  In the present study, the period ratio of the adjacent frames, ground motion spatial variation, and soil-structure interacti...

in traditional bazaars social interactions, parallel to economic and movement interactions, created a mixed urban space which was dynamic, lively and attractive to the audience. however, modern shopping centers and shopping malls are economy focused and void of variety of urban spaces like traditional bazaars. the presence of public open spaces and urban squares undetectable from traditional ba...

The interaction on spatial topics is highly important no only in the context of mobile and situated systems but also in other fields such as natural language access to maps or user interfaces. Therefore, one goal of this thesis is to develop a generic model for situated interaction on spatial topics that can be used to build real world applications. In addition, we analyze typical problems that...