By introducing a thin ZnO layer as an optical spacer, we have demonstrated that inserting this layer between an active layer and a reflective electrode results in a re-distribution of the optical electric field inside bulk heterojunction solar cells. A theoretical analysis by optical modeling showed that the thin ZnO layer could shift the position of the maximum of the electric field into the a...

the cadaver spine motion segment behavior under torsional load was evaluated with the disc intact, with partial anterior discectomy and with spacer insertion. the results of this study explain how anterior lumbar discectomy and interbody fusion (alif) affects the torsional stability of the motion segment. the pseudarthrosis rate of the anterior lumbar discectomy and interbody fusion (alif) is k...

The purpose of the study was to compare the recovery of knee mobility after two-stage revision of an infected total knee arthroplasty using a static or mobile spacer. At 12 months follow-up, none of the patients had a recurrent infection of their new prosthesis. Knee flexion was lower in the static spacer group at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Patients that received a mobile spacer had a ...

The antigenicity of liposomes sensitized with haptenated phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and the reactivity of the liposomes with complement depended on the length of the spacer between hapten and PE. To establish the optimal conditions for the assay, haptenated PE's with various length of spacers are required. In the previous method, hapten-spacer molecule was first synthesized to which PE was c...

The spacer A/T region is a positive cis-acting DNA element that was identified in the Chlamydia trachomatis rRNA promoter region. We have now demonstrated that similar sequences in other chlamydial promoters are important for transcription. Substitution of candidate spacer A/T regions in four chlamydial promoters decreased transcription by partially purified C. trachomatis RNA polymerase in an ...

A series of sorbents containing various amounts of borate groups were prepared by chemical immobilization ofP-aminoethylphenylboric acid on a copolymer- treated organosilane spacer glass plates. It was found thatbaker's yeast cells selectively adhered to these supports. Yeast cells stained with procion red HE-3B formeddenser and more stable layer on the copolymer-grafted supports compared onto ...

Within the scope of Collaborative Research Centre SFB 639 "Textile-reinforced composite components for function-integrating multi-material design in complex lightweight applications", woven and flat-knitted spacer fabrics from commingled hybrid yarns are developed, pressed and the characteristics of the formed composite structures are tested. The developed spacer fabric structures have Ushaped ...

Objective(s) In addition to several molecular methods and in particular 16S rDNA analysis, the application of a more discriminatory genetic marker, i.e., 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer gene sequence has had a great impact on identification and classification of mycobacteria. In the current study we aimed to apply this sequencing power to conclusive identification of some Iranian clinical ...

RNAi mechanism plays a major role in silencing the expression of target genes by siRNAs. In the current study, in silico properties of 30 genes in omega-2 gliadin and 266 nt and 326 nt mutations were investigated before and after cloning in an expression vector. Specific primers were designed for 30 genes with spacer regions of 75 nt and 178 nt (for gene invert repeats). The frequency of siRNA ...

Nuclear factor I (NFI) binds tightly to DNA containing the consensus sequence TGG(N)6-7GCCAA. To study the role of the spacing between the TGG and GCCAA motifs, oligonucleotides homologous to the NFI binding site FIB-2 were synthesized and used for binding assays in vitro. The wild-type site (FIB-2.6) has a 6bp spacer region and binds tightly to NFI. When the size of this spacer was altered by ...