THE NAME OF Thomas Garvine of Ayrshire was entered in the records of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow as a surgeon-freeman in 1738.1 He had been apprenticed to John Marshall (d. 1719), surgeon of Kilsyth, who was in charge of Glasgow University Physick Gardens in 1704. Probably Garvine served his apprenticeship in the early years of the eighteenth century, prior to his ac...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Iran's health system has developed a Farsi edition of the Hospital Safety Index (HSI) and has integrated the related assessment program into the health information system. This article presents the results of the 2015 estimation of hospital safety from disasters in I.R.Iran using HSI. METHODS We analyzed data from 421 hospitals that had submitted a complete HSI assess...

Habitat suitability index (HSI) models provide spatially explicit information on the capacity of a given habitat to support a species of interest, 2 and their prevalence has increased dramatically in recent years. Despite caution that the reliability of HSIs must be validated using independent, 4 quantitative data, most HSIs intended to inform terrestrial and marine species management remain un...

Remotely sensed nighttime lights (NTL) datasets derived from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) have been identified as a good indicator of the urbanization process and have been widely used to study such demographic and economic variables as population distribution and density, electricity consumption, and carbon emission. However, one issue m...

INTRODUCTION The Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) is validated to measure nicotine dependence in nonpregnant smokers, and in these smokers, mean salivary and serum cotinine levels are related by a ratio of 1.25. However, as nicotine metabolism increases during gestation, these findings may differ in pregnancy. We investigated the validity of HSI in pregnancy by comparing this with 3 biochemical...

this study was investigated reproductive differences in fall and spring migrants of caspian lamprey (caspiomyzon wagneri) in the shirud river (southern caspian sea)in 2008. 89 and 15 specimens were sampled in in spring and fall, respectively. generally, fall migratory fish had a significantly lower condition factor (cf) compared to the spring migrants. there was significant relationship between...

In conservation biology there is a basic need to determine habitat suitability and availability. Astroblepus ubidiai (Siluriforms), the only native fish in the highlands of Imbabura province in the Ecuadorian Andes, was abundant in the past in the Imbakucha watershed and adjacent drainages, but currently it is restricted to a few isolated refuges. Conservation actions are needed if this unique ...

Abstract This study aims to determine the effectiveness of adding vitamin C and squid oil commercial feed for broodstock fish ( Anabas testudineus Bloch) on speed gonadal maturation growth. The was conducted three months using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments 3 replications. test were 10 each in treatment hapa, A (Commercial =CF); B (CF + Vit c 2gr/kg; (CF+ ml/kg) D Vitamin 2 g/...

this study presents the first details on morphological and histological characteristics of gonads, gonadal development stages and reproductive index of the persian loach, oxynoemacheilus persa (heckel, 1847), an iranian endemic species. sampling was done from april 2010 to april 2011 using electrofishing device and a total of 196 individuals were collected. the gonads of specimens were removed,...

PROBLEM/CONDITION Heat stress illness (HSI), also known as heat-related illness, comprises mild heat edema, heat syncope, heat cramps, heat exhaustion (the most common type of HSI), and heat stroke (the most severe form). CDC's Environmental Public Health Tracking Program receives annual hospitalization discharge data from 23 states that are used to assess and monitor trends of HSI hospitalizat...