The fate of groundwater contaminants in anthropogenic fill materials was investigated at a coal tar site, Site YYZ. This site was representative of other contaminated sites with a history of industrialization at which wastes from process operations form the local subsurface solids. The solids composing the groundwater-bearing unit at Site YYZ were reactants (oil), byproducts (tar, coke) and was...

This study aims at modeling the effect of incoming heat flux fluctuations on solid material ignition. In order to propose a general methodology that can be applied to any kind of solid target, kernels accounting for the target temperature response regarding an incoming heat flux are developed for thermally thick and thin solids with low or high thermal inertia. The expected behavior of these di...

The control of electric currents in solids is at the origin of the modern electronics revolution that has driven our daily life since the second half of 20th century. Surprisingly, to date, there is no thermal analogue for a control of heat flux. Here, we summarise the very last developments carried out in this direction to control heat exchanges by radiation both in near and far-field in compl...

This work studies the fluid dynamics of solids in splash zone fluidized bed furnaces, with focus set on back-mixing and entrainment order to enhance understanding prediction flow bottom region furnace. Experimental results show establishment a also for runs absence dense bed. A simple model assuming ballistic trajectories ejected is shown satisfactorily estimate rate. The flux non-backmixed sol...

In one space dimension, the phenomenological theory of sedimentation predicts the sedimentation–consolidation behavior of a flocculated suspension in dependence of two constitutive functions describing its material behavior, the solids flux density (or hindered settling function) and the solid effective stress. These functions are assumed to depend only on the local volumetric solids concentrat...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increased vitamin D fortification (250 IU/serving) of high-temperature, short-time (HTST)-processed 2% fat milk, UHT-processed 2% fat chocolate milk, and low-fat strawberry yogurt on the sensory characteristics and stability of vitamin D during processing and storage. Three replicates of HTST pasteurized 2% fat milk, UHT pasteurized 2% ...

Tubular membrane filtration is an important process when feed waters with a relatively high solids content are filtered. Such solids would normally have to be removed in a pre-treatment stage if spiral wound modules are to be used. High solids content occurs for example in high turbidity surface waters, wastewaters that contain fibrous materials or in waters where coagulants are added. Tubular ...

The study was carried out to identify and study the settling characteristics of the dairy activated sludge. The causes and the control measure for the sludge bulking were studied. The activated sludge was generated by running a batch reactor of capacity of 10 liters for a θC of 10 days. It was operated until steady state conditions were reached. pH, DO, MLSS and COD were taken as the parameters...

Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBR) is caused by cake formation on the surface, mainly attributed to suspended solids, and also by surface adsorption connected with pore blocking, attributed to soluble components of activated sludge. In this study, long-term experiments were carried out in sub-critical conditions with frequent backwashing, and the nature of fouling was investigated. ...