irony in literature is an art that reflects the underlying pain and heals the hidden anguish that it wants to use to heal its grief and remove its anguish through its opposite. hence, the pain felt by the writer or the poet and his inability to remove the causes of this pain is the motivation behind this irony that the poet creates. however, the motivation to resort to this method varies from e...

The objective of the OSCOSS research project on "Opening Scholarly Communication in the Social Sciences" is to build a coherent collaboration environment that facilitates scholarly communication workflows of social scientists in the roles of authors, reviewers, editors and readers. This paper presents the implementation of the core of this environment: the integration of the Fidus Writer academ...

the fact that the prophet did not achieve much success in mecca in converting the people to islam after 13 years of missionary work and that the people of medina turned to islam although the prophet was not physically present is one of the little understood questions in the history of islam. the present paper seeks to study, from a sociological point of view, the reason why the people of mecca,...

People associate certain behaviors with certain social groups. These stereotypical beliefs consist of both accurate and inaccurate associations. Using large-scale, data-driven methods with social media as a context, we isolate stereotypes by using verbal expression. Across four social categories—gender, age, education level, and political orientation—we identify words and phrases that lead peop...

Acknowledgement This paper is the final paper in a series of monographs on the impacts of electricity restructuring on the environment. Much of the background work for this manuscript was done by Gil Bindewald. Shashank Goel assisted with the calculations in the Appendices, and Karen Filipovich and Isabelle Morin were invaluable in tracking down data and editing drafts. do not necessarily refle...

A Look at Contemporary Persian Poetry, Currents in Persian Poetry in 20th Century This book is a historical survey of literature though the writer has tried to distance himself from ancient approaches and to apply a modern look of analysis, critique and stylistics. In the first chapter the methodology is discussed followed by the second chapter which talks of text and metatext and the relation...

georg büchner’s lenz portrays part of the life of a great writer during the rein of jacob michael reinhold lenz (1751-1792) when germany was in turmoil and disruption. being lonely and depressed, büchner decided to leave home and his country. after being exiled from weimar and losing touch with goethe, he found refuge in rev. oberlin and asked him to save his life. büchner wrote at a time when ...

despite all attractions of social participation in most parts of the rural development, due to the lack of practical approaches, it has just remained an advertising slogan. one of the necessities of rural development is the execution of plans which enjoy maximum social acceptance. one of these plans is locating and equipping high-order service settlements. using an operative process including e...