Background: Apelin has recently been considered as an adipokine secreted from visceral fat. Apelin and itsreceptor exist in many tissues including lung and play significant roles in many physiological andpathological activities. However, serum level of apelin-12 is unknown in smokers and in various types of lungmalignancies. There...

the objectives of this work were to study the association of maternal smoking habits with stillbirths, abortions, neonatal deaths, birth weights, placental weights and the outcomes on the 28(th) day of life.a questionnaire was developed and completed with the hospitals' recorded data collected over a period of 5 years from 47,000 babies born in several hospitals in ontario, canada. the mothers ...

objectives: japan has a relatively high prevalence of smoking in men. despite the importance of behavioral patterns on successful smoking cessation, only limited information is available in japan. the present study collected data from former smokers in a rural community in japan in order to identify health status at the time of cessation, predominant motivating factors, and the role of smoking ...

Objective To review and summarise the current evidence on uptake of combustible cigarette smoking following e-cigarette use in non-smokers—including never-smokers, people not currently past smokers—through an umbrella review, systematic meta-analysis. Design Umbrella Data sources PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, PsychINFO (Ovid), Medline (Ovid) Wiley Cochrane Library up to April 2020. Results Of 62...

Background: Facing infertility put too much emotional stress and physical burden on infertile couples that make it difficult to deal with. According to this fact that infertility in some men appears with specified disorder but in most cases there is no clear cause for male infertility which determine the special attention to lifestyle and environmental factors. In this study the effects of smok...

The present study aims to investigate the relative role of the surface frequencies (i.e., token frequencies) in base word recognition. A masked priming experiment was carried using two types of suffixed French primes: the effects of words having a surface frequency (SF) higher than their base (e.g., cigarette – cigare) were compared with those produced by word primes having a SF lower than thei...

This chapter reviews several issues related to the smuggling of cigarettes and other tobacco products. First, the health and other consequences of cigarette smuggling are described, emphasizing the potential for cigarette smuggling to undermine tobaccocontrol efforts. This is followed by a description of the various legal, quasi-legal, and illegal activities that are broadly described as smuggl...