A Markov chain model has been proposed as a mechanism that generates human sleep stages. A method for estimating the parameters of the model, i.e., the transition probabilities (rates) between sleep stages, has been introduced and applied to 95 hypnograms taken from 23 subjects. The rates characterize interindividual differences and nightly variations of the sleep mechanism, related to sleep-on...

In the pursuit of portable, efficient and effective sleep staging systems, researchers have been testing a massive number of combinations of EEG features and classifiers. State of the art sleep classification ensembles achieve accuracy in the order of 90%. However, there is presently no consensus regarding the best set of features for identifying sleep stages with a single EEG channel, leading ...

The main contribution of this paper is to present a novel approach for classifying the sleep stages based on optimal feature selection with ensemble learning stacking model using single-channel EEG signals.To find suitable features from extracted vector, we obtained ReliefF (ReF), Fisher Score (FS) and Online Stream Feature Selection (OSFS) algorithms.The proposed research work was performed tw...

'Complexity science' is a rapidly developing research direction with applications in a multitude of fields that study complex systems consisting of a number of nonlinear elements with interesting dynamics and mutual interactions. This Theme Issue 'The complexity of sleep' aims at fostering the application of complexity science to sleep research, because the brain in its different sleep stages a...

It would be nice if we could talk about sleep and memory as if there were only one type of memory and one type of sleep. But this is far from the case. Sleep and memory each comes in many forms, and furthermore, memories can go through multiple forms of post-encoding processing that must be individually addressed. Finally, sleep stages per se do not affect memories. Rather, the neuromodulatory ...

Chronic pruritus is a debilitating condition with numerous etiologies. Many patients suffer from nocturnal pruritus, which can decrease quality of life and affect mortality in hemodialysis patients. Nocturnal pruritus may occur in all sleep stages but is most prevalent in stages N1 and N2. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of nocturnal itch, which will aid in the devel...

BACKGROUND The limitations of the current systems of automatic sleep stage classification (ASSC) are essentially related to the similarities between epochs from different sleep stages and the subjects' variability. Several studies have already identified the situations with the highest likelihood of misclassification in sleep scoring. Here, we took advantage of such information to develop an AS...

BACKGROUND Polysomnography (PSG) is used to define physiological sleep and different physiological sleep stages, to assess sleep quality and diagnose many types of sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea. However, PSG requires not only the connection of various sensors and electrodes to the subject but also spending the night in a bed that is different from the subject's own bed. This s...

Identifying the vigilance states of the mammalian is an important research topic to bioscience in recently years, which the vigilance states is usually categorized as slow wave sleep, rapid eye movement sleep, and awake, etc. To discriminate difference vigilance states, a well-trained expert needs spend a long time to analyze a mass of physiological record data. In this paper, we proposed an au...