Predation on planktonic larval stages is frequently a major source of mortality for the offspring of benthic marine invertebrates. Mortality rate likely varies with larval size and developmental stage, but few experiments have measured how these factors affect predation rates. I used experimental reductions in egg size to test how variation in larval size affects the likelihood of predation dur...

Compared time to evaluate stimuli of varying sizes. When Ss expect an upcoming stimulus to be a certain size, response time increases with the disparity between expected and actual size. There are, however, 2 size adjustment processes, and they reflect 2 types of visual selection. In the first, a shape-specific image representation is used to separate a visual object from a superimposed distrac...

The targeting of one mRNA in the transcriptome requires small molecules that bind with substantial affinity and specificity. As such, compounds with specificity for individual RNA secondary structural motifs could be useful for targeting RNA. Described herein is the synthesis of a combinatorial library of 105 dimers of deoxystreptamine and the subsequent identification of compounds with specifi...

The genome of Paenalcaligenes hominis, isolated from a paraplegic patient with neurogenic bladder, was sequenced with the Pacific Biosciences RSII platform. The genome size is 2.68 Mb and includes 3,096 annotated coding sequences, including genes associated with quinone cofactors, which play crucial roles in the virulence of Gram-negative bacteria.

MOTIVATION A common question arises at the beginning of every experiment where RNA-Seq is used to detect differential gene expression between two conditions: How many reads should we sequence? RESULTS Scotty is an interactive web-based application that assists biologists to design an experiment with an appropriate sample size and read depth to satisfy the user-defined experimental objectives....

PURPOSE Selecting an experimental arm for a Phase III trial is based on the results of Phase II investigations. Historical results show that this paradigm leads to the failure of many experimental therapies in the Phase III setting. This is the result of failures in the Phase II design that include differences in the patient populations and basing sample size determinations on levels of benefit...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term mandibular morphological changes induced by early treatment of class III malocclusion with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and facial mask (FM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five subjects [10 boys, 15 girls; mean age at T1 (start of treatment) 9.3±1.6 years] with class III disharmony were treated with RME and FM therapy followed by fixed appliances. The pat...

In the past two years, new data on conceptual aspects of the evolution of eukaryotic genome size have appeared, including the adaptivity of genome enlargement, the mechanisms of genome size change and the relation of genome size to organismal complexity. New data on the hypotheses of "selfish DNA" and "mutational equilibrium" have been recently obtained. A relationship is emerging between the i...

Volume 4, no. 4, e00840-16, 2016. Page 1: The title should read as given above, and strain B-78 should be identified as B78 throughout. Page 1: The second sentence of the abstract should read as follows. “The 3.07-Mb genome consists of a 3.04-Mb chromosome and a 33-kb plasmid, with 2,603 proteincoding genes, 39 RNA genes, and 32 pseudogenes.” Page 1: Lines 16 to 19 of the second paragraph in th...