BACKGROUND Fatty acid composition is an important physiological parameter of microalgae, which is taken as the third generation alternative resource of biodiesel. To boost microalgal research and applications, a convenient, rapid, and acid-catalyzed transesterification procedure that satisfies the demand for the analysis of the fatty acid composition of lipids with micro-scale samples in the hi...

We present a simple, yet flexible microfluidic mixer with a demonstrated mixing time as short as 80 μs that is widely accessible because it is made of commercially available parts. To simplify the study of fast protein dynamics, we have developed an inexpensive continuous-flow microfluidic mixer, requiring no specialized equipment or techniques. The mixer uses three-dimensional, hydrodynamic fo...

This paper will describe the design and testing of solid-state subharmonically-pumped mixers from 380 GHz to 640 GHz. The main goal has been to develop robust, compact, solid-state room-temperature receivers with state-of-the-art sensitivity and broad IF bandwidths for applications such as airborne and space-based microwave sounding. Testing of a 380 GHz integrated mixer has yielded state-of-th...

this paper presents a design of an uwb downconversion integrated cmos resistive ring mixer with linear voltage regulator (lvr), to supply required biasing voltages for the mixer section. the designed mixer circuit has been optimized for using in heart rate extraction system with microwave doppler radar at 2.4ghz frequency. this mixer needs 2 dc bias voltages equal to 0.5 and 1 volts for its bes...

We report on the first THz balanced mixer/upconverter using a Schottky diode MMIC chip. Using an optically pumped laser at 1562 GHz as an LO source with a coupled power of about 1 mW, and 1 mW input at an IF frequency of 10 GHz, we obtained a sideband output power of 23 uW (sum of two sidebands). As a mixer, at an LO of 1621 GHz, we obtain a conversion loss of 12.4 dB DSB and a noise temperatur...

Radio astronomy requires SIS mixers and receivers with very high stability. The goal for the total power stability of the ALMA receivers is 1x10 over 1 second. The SIS mixer is one of the most critical components in the receiver signal chain determining stability. Most changes in mixer noise and gain are due to variations of its operating conditions. In this paper we present accurate measuremen...

Frequency translation which converts the original signal to a much lower baseband frequency signal is a vital role in the RF receiver design. In this work, a high linear down-conversion Gilbert cell mixer at 100MHz is designed using TSMC 0.18μm RF CMOS process. Linearity is an important performance measure in RF circuits particularly in mixer design. In this paper, the two types of linearizatio...

9 The effect of mixer shear strain rate on the performance of a model 10 micro-crystalline cellulose pharmaceutical paste undergoing extru11 sion–spheronisation was studied using a laboratory scale planetary 12 mixer and a screw-based mixer. The maximum shear strain rate in 13 each mixer was estimated. Five pastes were prepared, one each at 14 97 and 265 s−1 in the planetary mixer, and one each...

This paper presents a low voltage wideband downconversion mixer using current-mode approach for multi-standard receivers. The proposed mixer uses a current mirror amplifier with an embedded passive switching core to achieve mixing function, which can combine the advantages of active and passive mixers simultaneously. The mixer is implemented using a 0.18μm CMOS technology and covers frequency b...

This paper presents the design methodologies and implementation of HEMT RF down conversion Mixer for 1.8 GHz to 5 GHz wireless and mobile applications.In many recent receiver designs, the front-end mixer determines the receiver's sensitivity and better isolation for the system. Single transistor mixer are developed for such an applications i.e. a Common source configuration, where the LO signal...