Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widely distributed in the human genome and although most SNPs are the result of independent point-mutations, there are exceptions. When studying distances between SNPs, a periodic pattern in the distance between pairs of identical SNPs has been found to be heavily correlated with periodicity in short tandem repeats (STRs). STRs are short DNA segments, ...

Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology is capable of determining the sizes of short tandem repeat (STR) alleles as well as their individual nucleotide sequences. Thus, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the repeat regions of STRs and variations in the pattern of repeat units in a given repeat motif can be used to differentiate alleles of the same length. In this study, MPS wa...

Short tandem repeats (STRs) are regions of tandemly repeated DNA segments found throughout the human genome that vary in length (through insertion, deletion, or mutation) with a core repeated DNA sequence. Forensic laboratories commonly use tetranucleotide repeats, containing a four base pair (4-bp) repeat structure such as GATA. In 1997, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Laboratory sel...

Background: Human identification requires the maintenance of population databases of short tandem repeat (STR) loci that allow for their correct interpretation during paternity testing and forensic cases. Material and Methods: We analyzed 15 STR loci with the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler kit in a Mestizo (admixed) population sample from the state of Guerrero (South Mexico). Results: We estimated the a...

A multiplex PCR assay capable of amplifying 20 Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (STR) markers simultaneously has been developed. These markers include all of the Y STRs that make up the ‘‘extended haplotype’’ used in Europe (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, and YCAII) plus additional polymorphic Y STRs (DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS447, DYS448, DYS388, DYS426, GATA A7.1,...

background detection of fetal dna in maternal blood has been examined by many research groups for a few years; thereby, scientists have a shorter way to take to approach prenatal diagnosis of abnormal pregnancies. the y chromosome sequences have recently become the most common applicable indices for fetal sex determination. objectives we conducted an algorithmic x and y mini-short tandem repeat...

We describe a novel method for rapidly identifying and distinguishing between different DNA sequences using short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and DNA microarrays. The method can be used to deduce identity, length, and number of STRs of the target molecule. We refer to this technique as the "variable-length probe array" method for STR profiling (VLPA). The method involves hybridization of the u...

Paternity testing is being increasingly requested with the aim of challenging presumptive fatherhood. The ability to establish the biological father is usually based on the genotyping of autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) in alleged father, mother and child, but the use of Y-chromosomal STR has gained interest in the last few years. In this work, we propose a new probabilistic approach that co...

To examine whether donor-derived cells could exist in nonhematopoietic tissues of recipients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, we examined the patterns of the short tandem repeat (STR) of DNA extracted from fingernail clippings of recipients so that the contamination of blood cells was excluded. All 21 patients reached donor-derived hematopoiesis after transplantation an...

To facilitate evolutionary and forensic studies of DNA polymorphisms on the Y chromosome, we devised a multiplex amplification procedure for short-tandem-repeat (STR) loci. Four tetranucleotide STR loci (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, and DYS393) were simultaneously amplified with FAM-labeled primers and genotypes were determined with an automated DNA sequencer. We typed 162 males from three U.S. popul...