Complexes formed by one charged and branched copolymer with an oppositely charged and linear polyion have been investigated by Monte Carlo simulations. A coarse-grained description has been used, in which the main chain of the branched polyion and the linear polyion possess the same absolute charge and charge density. The spatial extension and other structural properties, such as bond-angle ori...

This work compared the molecular structures and physicochemical properties of starches obtained from chalky and translucent kernels of six rice cultivars. Starch samples were prepared according to a modified alkali steeping method. Crystallinity, pasting characteristics, and thermal properties were studied by X-ray diffraction, rapid viscosity analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry, re...

Glycogen branching enzymes (GBE) or 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzymes (EC 2.4.1.18) introduce alpha-1,6 branching points in alpha-glucans, e.g., glycogen. To identify structural features in GBEs that determine their branching pattern specificity, the Deinococcus geothermalis and Deinococcus radiodurans GBE (GBE(Dg) and GBE(Dr), respectively) were characterized. Compared to other GBEs described...

The hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin, an active spreading center in the Gulf of California (Mexico), are rich in porewater methane, short-chain alkanes, sulfate and sulfide, and provide a model system to explore habitat preferences of microorganisms, including sulfate-dependent, methane- and short chain alkane-oxidizing microbial communities. In this study, hot sediments (above 60°C) cov...

Abstract The structure and physicochemical properties of starch isolated from the cotyledon hull faba beans wheat (as reference) were examined using 16 different methods. amylose content in bean was 32% 36%, respectively, that 21%. structurally alike both displaying C-polymorphic pattern, a similar degree branching branch chain length distributions. Wheat had significantly greater prevalence sh...

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) has a linear structure with very little or no branching and possesses a high degree of crystallinity, but it is difficult to process. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) however has a chaotic structure with short and long branches and is easy to process. Blending of polyethylenes (PEs) is a common industrial practice. The principal reasons behind the blending of PEs...

This study aims to explore and model the changes in growth unit (GU) branching patterns during tree ontogeny. The question was addressed in apple trees cv. "Fuji", by analysing the relative impact of GU length and within-tree position. The development of two 6-year-old trees was recorded over 6 years. The fate of axillary buds along each GU was represented as a sequence of symbols corresponding...

AIMS Short branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are cheese flavour compounds, which result from the conversion of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). In Swiss cheese, the production of short BCFAs is mainly performed by Propionibacterium freudenreichii and is strain dependent. Our aim was to investigate the possible links between the biosynthesis of short BCFAs and membrane BCFAs in P. freudenrei...

Poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) is difficult to foam due its unfavorable rheological behavior (low melt strength, no strain hardening). In particular, a high expansion and homogeneous cell morphology are achieve. This can be altered successfully by addition of multifunctional chain extenders. Chain extenders cause nondefined rarely understood changes in the polymer architecture usually descr...