The role of hemodynamics on platelet thrombus formation was studied in venules and arterioles of the rat mesentery. Thrombus formation was induced by the fluorescent dye/light method for examination of the following factors: 1) the effect of wall shear rate on thrombus initiation, 2) the effect of wall shear rate on the growth of thrombi, and 3) the relation between platelet thrombus initiation...

The kinetics of hemoglobin S gelation are critical in sickle disease because microvascular obstruction can be avoided if red blood cells pass these vessels during the delay time, before polymerization and gelation occur in sufficient degree to rigidify the cells. Kinetics, including the delay time and the closely related exponential progress rate, are highly sensitive to hemoglobin concentratio...

−The scale up or scale down of the process variables in a surface aerator requires information about the shear rate prevailing in the system. In fact, the performance of surface aerator depends upon the shear rate. Shear rate affects the mass transfer operation needed by the surface aerator. Theoretical analysis of shear rate suggests a nonlinear behavior with rotational speed of the impeller, ...

We investigated the independent contributions of the peak and continued reactive hyperemia on flow-mediated dilation (FMD). 1) For the duration manipulation experiment (DME), 10 healthy males experienced reactive hyperemia durations of 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 40 s, 50 s, or full reactive hyperemia (RH). 2) For the peak manipulation experiment (PME), eight healthy males experienced reactive hyperemia ...

Shear rate has been shown to critically affect the kinetics and receptor specificity of cell-cell interactions. In this study, the collision process between two modeled cells interacting in a linear shear flow is numerically investigated. The two identical biological or artificial cells are modeled as deformable capsules composed of an elastic membrane. The cell deformation and trajectories are...

Typical SAXS profiles and lamellar spacing d as a function of shear rate for the system with B/H=0.30 at T=25◦C are shown in fig. 1. This systems shows the orientation transition at γ̇c/a=300s −1 (see Fig. 6 in the main text). Lamellar spacing d at B/H=0.30 slightly decreases with increase in the shear rate, while at B/H=0.32 it slightly reduces at low shear rate and stays almost constant at hig...

Antigen-antibody systems provide the flexibility of varying the kinetics and affinity of molecular interaction and studying the resulting effect on adhesion. In a parallel-plate flow chamber, we measured the extent and rate of adhesion of rat basophilic leukemia cells preincubated with anti-dinitrophenyl IgE clones SPE-7 or H1 26. 82 to dinitrophenyl-coated polyacrylamide gel substrates in a li...

Stirred tanks and bubble columns are widely used as mixing essels and bioreactors. Average spatial fluid velocity gradients t the level of the eddies or the prevailing shear rate, is an imporant variable in bioreactors but is not easy to characterize. A nowledge of shear rate is essential for at least two main reasons: 1) shear rate influences the average apparent viscosity of nonewtonian fluid...

Shear stress due to mechanical loading-induced flow of interstitial fluid through the lacuno-canalicular network is a likely signal for bone cell adaptive responses. Moreover, the rate (determined by frequency and magnitude) of mechanical loading determines the amount of bone formation. Whether the bone cells' response to fluid shear stress is rate dependent is unknown. Here we investigated whe...

Shear dilatancy, a significant nonlinear behavior of nonequilibrium thermodynamics states, has been observed in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations for liquid n-hexadecane fluid under extreme shear conditions. The existence of shear dilatancy is relevant to the relationship between the imposed shear rate gamma and the critical shear rate gamma(c). Consequently, as gamma<gamma(c...