In this paper, the sensitivity of the structural integrity of wind turbine blades to debonding of the shear web from the spar cap was investigated. In this regard, modal analysis, static and fatigue testing were performed on a 45.7 m blade for three states of the blade: (i) as received blade (ii) when a crack of 200 mm was introduced between the web and the spar cap and (iii) when the crack was...

Making pure rolling shear as the target, based on the principles analysis of shear mechanism in the rolling shear, trajectories of the overlap and the horizontal displacement of the upper blade during the cutting process are directly calculated out. And then the trajectories are optimized with improved natural selection-based particle swarm optimization algorithm (selPSO) deemed lengths of the ...

A process of detailed CFD and structural numerical simulations of the 1.5 MW horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blade is present. The main goal is to help advance the use of computer-aided simulation methods in the field of design and development of HAWT-blades. After an in-depth study of the aerodynamic configuration and materials of the blade, 3-D mapping software is utilized to reconstruct ...

A multi-objective optimization method for the structural design of horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) blades is presented. The main goal is to minimize the weight and cost of the blade which uses glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) coupled with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials. The number and the location of layers in the spar cap, the width of the spar cap and the position o...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tenderness of beef loin steaks from retail markets in 4 U.S. cities. Beef top loin steaks ( = 1,613) were obtained for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), slice shear force (SSF), and consumer sensory determinations. Personnel at 4 universities (California Polytechnic State University, Colorado State University, University of Missouri, and Texas A&M...

crops and agricultural products are subject to natural loading during growth. different mechanical forces are also exerted on them during harvest. one product, sugar cane, experiences large shear forces are during harvest. an examination of the crop properties and machine parameters of sugar cane are necessary to develop appropriate cutting tools and the optimization and design of harvesting ma...

This paper describes the structural design of a tidal turbine composite blade. The structural design is preceded by two steps: hydrodynamic design and determination of extreme loads. The hydrodynamic design provides the blade external shape, i.e. the chord and twist distributions along the blade, which result in optimal performance of the tidal turbine over its lifetime. The extreme loads, i.e....

tip leakage loss introduces major part of losses of the rotor in axial gas turbines. therefore, the rotor blade tip has a considerable effect on rotor efficiency. to understand the flow physics of the rotor tip leakage, we solve the flow field for different tip platforms (passive flow control) and by considering coolant tip injection (active flow control). various blade tip configurations such ...

To analyse the sensitivity of blade geometry and airfoil characteristics on the prediction of performance characteristics of wind farms, large-eddy simulations using an actuator disc (ACD) method are performed for three different blade/airfoil configurations. The aim of the study is to determine how the mean characteristics of wake flow, mean power production and thrust depend on the choice of ...

The texture of cooked chicken breast is usually determined on intact pieces or strips that are representative of the muscle. Researchers emphasize the importance of uniformity of sample size and orientation of fibers to the shearing blades to ensure consistent data from instruments such as shear devices. For sensory evaluations, sample pieces of chicken breasts presented to panelists are often ...