Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major clinical condition and research is commonly done to find suitable treatment options. However, there are some degrees of spontaneous recovery after SCI and gender is said to be a contributing factor in recovery, but this is controversial. This study was done to compare the effects of sexual dimorphism on spontaneous recovery after spinal cord inj...

Endometrial stromal sarcomas account for 0.25% of all uterine malignancies. These tumours were originally divided into low grade and high grade stromal sarcomas, but the recent World Health Organisation classification (2003) recognises low grade stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma. Low grade sarcomas may exhibit other forms of differentiation, including smooth muscle and se...

In embryos of different reptile species, incubation temperature triggers a cascade of endocrine events that lead to gonad sex differentiation. The cellular and molecular mechanisms by which temperature sets in motion this process are still controversial. Here, we begin evaluating the possible participation of the nervous system in temperature-dependent sex determination by showing the existence...

Sex cord tumors with annular tubules are known to originate from the sex cord of embryonic gonads that synthesize Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, granulosa cells, and theca cells of the ovarian stroma, while ovarian small cell carcinoma of the hypercalcemic type is a type of neuroendocrine tumor. Both these tumors are uncommon, potentially malignant neoplasms in children. We report the case of a s...

Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCT) are rare, usually benign, polypoid or nodular neoplasms which generally arise in the fourth to sixth decade of life. We report a case of a 74-year-old woman who presented with vaginal bleeding and remarkable uterine enlargement. Abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and a diagnosis of UTROSCT was mad...

Background: Endometrial stroma sarcoma (ESS) is usually formed of neoplastic cells similar to proliferative endometrial cells and comprises less than 10% of all uterine sarcomas. Presence of concurrent sex cord element with these tumors is rare. Materials and Methods: A 36 year-old woman,from yazd complaining of abnormal vaginal bleeding and history of G4P3Ab1Ch3 referred. On both occasions aft...

A(11) diencephalospinal dopamine (DA) neurons provide the major source of DA innervation to the spinal cord. DA in the dorsal and ventral horns modulates sensory, motor, nociceptive, and sexual functions. Previous studies from our laboratory revealed a sex difference in the density of DA innervation in the lumbar spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sex differences in...

There appear to be several established clinical syndromes associated with several subtypes of sex cord-stromal tumours. 30% of patients with sex cord tumours with annular tubules have Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by multiple gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps, increased risk of various neoplasms, and melanocytic macules of the lips, buccal mucosa...