pulse oximetry measures the relative concentration of arterial oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin. this paper presents the design of a pulse oximeter, which measures the presence of a third substance, carboxyhemoglobin (hbco), by unfiltered leds at 660 nm, 810 nm, and 940 nm. background information is given on the theory of pulse oximetry. theoretical approximations and calculations w...

The design and optimization of nanostructure-based surface acoustic wave (SAW) gas sensor is analyzed based on TiO2 sensing layer and modified electrode dimensions. The sensitivity of the gas sensor depends upon the type of sensing layer used and active surface area obtained by varying the aspect ratio. The performance of the sensor is observed from 0.1ppm to 100ppm concentration of ...

Design and construction of a capacitor sensor with a precise readout system are described in this paper. A variable air-gap capacitive transducer was constructed and for signalmeasurement a successful attempt was made to exploit the capacitance changes in terms of the phase angle of the detected signal. The reported setup makes it possible to detect capacitance changes of the order of 2.5 fF in...

A novel data-driven soft sensor is designed for online product quality prediction and control performance modification in industrial units. A combined approach of time variable parameter (TVP) model, dynamic auto regressive exogenous variable (DARX) algorithm, nonlinear correlation analysis and criterion-based elimination method is introduced in this work. The soft sensor performance validation...

This paper presents the design, modeling, and testing of a flexible tactile sensor and its applications. This sensor is made of polymer materials and can detect the 2D surface texture image and contact-force estimation. The sensing mechanism is based on the novel contact deflection effect of a membrane. We measure the deflection of the membrane with measuring the strain in the membrane with emb...

key distribution is an important problem in wireless sensor networks where sensor nodesare randomly scattered in adversarial environments.due to the random deployment of sensors, a list of keys must be pre-distributed to each sensor node before deployment. to establish a secure communication, two nodes must share common key from their key-rings. otherwise, they can find a key- path in which ens...

The objective of this study is to design a simple, fast, sensitive and single-use electrode with the simultaneous capability of preconcentration and measuring, for application in a three-electrode voltammetry system to identify and measure the heavy metal cadmium. The design process of this sensor consists of several stages. The polyurethane foam and multi walled carbon nanotubes nanoparticles ...