Post-translational modifiers of the small ubiquitin-like modifier protein (SUMO) family have emerged as key regulators of protein function and localization. SUMO modification is a dynamic process, catalyzed by SUMO-specific E1, E2, and E3 enzymes and reversed by a family of SUMO-specific proteases (SENPs). Although six human SENPs have been identified, each with different cellular locations and...

SENPs are proteases that participate in the regulation of SUMOylation by generating mature small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMO) for protein conjugation (endopeptidase activity) and removing conjugated SUMO from targets (isopeptidase activity). Using purified recombinant catalytic domains of 6 of the 7 human SENPs, we demonstrate the specificity of their respective activities on SUMO-1, -2, ...

SUMO proteins are small ubiquitin-related modifiers. All SUMOs are synthesized as propeptides that are post-translationally cleaved prior to conjugation. After processing, SUMOs become covalently conjugated to cellular targets through a pathway that is similar to ubiquitination. Ubiquitin like protein proteases/Sentrin specific proteases (Ulp/SENPs) mediate both processing and deconjugation of ...

This contribution reports a facile synthesis of degreased walnut peptides (WP1)-functionalized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) hybrids with enhanced anticancer activity and a detailed mechanistic evaluation of its superior anticancer activity. Structural and chemical characterizations proved that SeNPs are effectively capped with WP1 via physical absorption, resulting in a stable hybrid structur...

Bio-functionalized nanoparticles with semiconducting/metallic core encapsulated in a bio- or bio-derived materials are promising for applications in biology and especially in cancer diagnostic and healing. In this report, we report a facile, single-step, first-time synthesis and in-situ functionalization strategy for the preparation of monodispersed selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) functionalized...

Background & Aims of the Study: Selenium is an essential nutritional material used for the important functions of the human body. The issue of the production of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was investigated in various fields, such as anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. Materials and Methods: In order to study antibacterial activity, the nutrient broth medium containing ...

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been receiving special attention in recent years due to their antioxidant capacity and antitumor properties. However, the mechanisms associated with these properties remain be elucidated. For this reason, a global transcriptome analysis has designed work it was carried out using human hepatocarcinoma cells chitosan-stabilized SeNPs (Ch-SeNPs) identify new tar...

Background: Tumor associated antigens can be viably used to enhance host immune response. Objectives: The immunomodulatory effect of biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was compared between treated and untreated mice with crude antigens of 4T1 cells. Materials and Methods: Female inbred BALB/c mice (60) were injected by cancinogenic 4T1 cells causing breast cancer. After 10 days, all tumor ...

Selenium nanoparticles loaded with an anticancer molecule offer a new strategy for cancer treatment. In the current study, anisomycin-loaded functionalized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs@Am) have been made by conjugating anisomycin to the surface of selenium nanoparticles to improve anticancer efficacy. The prepared nanoparticles were fully characterized by transmission electronic microscopy, en...