Soybeans (SBs) were obtained from five leading SB-producing countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, India, and the United States), imported to the United States, and processed into soybean meal (SBM) under uniform conditions in the United States. SBs from China had the highest crude protein (CP) content while SBs and the resultant SBM from Argentina had the lowest. Additional differences in the qu...

Six experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of a feed supplement on the performance of grazing Belgian Blue double-muscled (BBDM) heifers with an initial weight and age of 195 ± 43 kg and 190 ± 52 days. Treatments included were: Exp. 1: supplementation with beet pulp (BP): 2 kg/day per head v. ad libitum intake; Exp. 2: supplementation ad libitum with BP v. a mixture of BP and soyb...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this experiment was to determine apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) in 15 sources of soybean meal (SBM) produced from soybeans from different countries and subsequently to establish equations for predicting the AID and SID in SBM based on their chemical composition. METHODS Eighteen...

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of soybean lipid on ruminal proteolysis of soybean meal (SBM) and ground whole soybeans (GSB). Experiment 1 was a 92-d growth experiment using 120 calves (206 kg) allotted to 12 pens of 10 calves each. Three replicate pens were assigned to each of the treatment supplements: low SBM (LSBM), low GSB (LGSB), high SBM (HSBM) and high GSB (HGS...

A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplemented diets with heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum (HK-LP) with graded levels of soybean meal (SBM) on growth, digestibility, blood parameters, and immune response of Seriola dumerili (initial weight, 25.05 ± 0.1 g). Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets were formulated to contain 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% SBM, a...

Whole cottonseed (WCS) and soybean meal (SBM) were evaluated as potential supplements for preconditioning beef calves in Florida. Weaned calves were fed 2.78 lb/hd/d as fed of WCS or 1.40 lb/hd/d as fed of SBM for a 42-d preconditioning period. Steer calves fed WCS had lower preconditioning weight gains than steers supplemented with SBM (30.7 lb/ hd vs 40.1lb/hd). An economic evaluation of prec...

The current paper proposes a slack-based version of the Super SBM, which is an alternative superefficiency model for the SBM proposed by Tone. Our two-stage approach provides the same superefficiency score as that obtained by the Super SBM model when the evaluated DMU is efficient and yields the same efficiency score as that obtained by the SBM model when the evaluated DMU is inefficient. The p...

Soybean hulls (SBH) and soybean meal (SBM) were evaluated as potential supplements for preconditioning beef calves in Florida. Weaned calves were fed 4.76 lb/hd/d as fed of SBH or 1.40 lb/hd/d as fed of SBM for a 42-d preconditioning period. Calves fed SBH yielded higher preconditioning weight gains than calves supplemented with SBM (34.8 lb/ hd vs 22.3 lb/hd). An economic evaluation of precond...

A study was conducted using 63 Angus crossbred heifers (234.5 ± 18.97 kg) to compare Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) versus Soybean Meal (SBM) as a supplemental protein source. Animals were assigned to three treatments, which were SBM and two levels of DDGS, fed as a top-dressed supplement. Treatments were formulated to provide .30 kg SBM (12.5% CP, 1.08 Mcal NEg/kg; SBM), .30 kg D...

Stochastic blockmodel (SBM) enables us to decompose and analyze an exploratory network without a priori knowledge about its intrinsic structure. However, the task of effectively and efficiently learning a SBM from a large-scale network is still challenging due to the high computational cost of its model selection and parameter estimation. To address this issue, we present a novel SBM learning a...