Apatite layers were grown on the surface of newly developed starch/polycaprolactone (SPCL)-based scaffolds by a 3D plotting technology. To produce the biomimetic coatings, a sodium silicate gel was used as nucleating agent, followed by immersion in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. After growing a stable apatite layer for 7 days, the scaffolds were placed in SBF under static, agitated (80 ...

Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) reacts with fluoride ion in an aqueous solution and forms stable fluoroapatite (FAp). This reaction requires a lag time to form nano-sized precursor, hydroxyapatite (HAp)-like calcium phosphate, on DCPD surface. This long lag time prevents DCPD from applying as an effective fluoride removal agent from waste water. The purpose of this study is to improve the ...

C4 bumps are susceptible to electromigration failure due to large power-supply currents. Electromigration failure is exacerbated by manufacturing variability, which increases bump resistance and consequently the current draw in neighboring bumps. A typical solution entails adding redundant bumps while guard-banding the maximum current per bump. Instead, we propose a mixed-integer linear program...

Bone-like apatite formed on the surface of Ti6Al4V pretreated with NaOH solution after having been immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF), while no apatite formed on the surface of untreated Ti6Al4V. In the present study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement was used to investigate the nucleation and growth of apatite on chemically treated Ti6Al4V immersed in the SBF solutio...

rg(p, b) = ! ( row(p) =1 && sbf(p) =0) rp(p, b) = if ( ( ( sbf(p) >1) and (0<=row(p) <=sbf(p) -2) ) or ( ( sbf(p) =1) and (row(p) =0) ) ) then if (b=0) then BSh( sbf(p) , row(p) +1, col(p) ) else BSh( sbf(p) , row(p) +1, flip(row(p) , col(p) ) ) else if ( ( sbf(p) >1) and (row(p) =sbf(p) -1) ) then if (b=0) then BSh( sbf(p) -1, 0, col(p) ) else BSh( sbf(p) -1, 0, flip(row(p) , col(p) ) ) rb(p, ...

The new N5+ salt, N5+ SbF(6)(-), was prepared from N(2)F(+)SbF(6)(-) and HN(3) in anhydrous HF solution. The white solid is surprisingly stable, decomposing only at 70 degrees C, and is relatively insensitive to impact. Its vibrational spectrum exhibits all nine fundamentals with frequencies that are in excellent agreement with the theoretical calculations for a five-atomic V-shaped ion of C(2)...

A novel in vitro model based on a solution mainly composed of sodium, calcium, chloride and phosphate ions, was developed to study the calcification of biomaterials at near physiological conditions. This model, due to its ability to quickly calcify the tested materials, is called Accelerated Calcification Solution (ACS). PolyactiveTM 30170, PolyactiveTM 70/30 and its composites with nano-apatit...

Aims. This work aims to provide a theoretical formulation of Surface Brightness Fluctuations (SBF) in the framework of probabilistic synthesis models, in which there are no deterministic relations between the different stellar components of a population but only relations on average, and to distinguish between the different distributions involved in the SBF definition. Methods. By applying the ...

The in vitro behavior of three bioactive glasses with seven particle size distributions was studied by measuring the in situ pH inside the particle beds for 48h in simulated body fluid (SBF). After immersion, the surface of the particles was characterized with a field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer. In addition, the results were compared ...

Selective laser melting (SLM) can fabricate titanium and its alloy components with both elaborate internal architectures complex shapes without geometric constrictions. The corrosion resistance of SLM-produced Ti is crucial in some applications such as marine biomedical environments. Here, potentiodynamic polarization electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to evaluate the behaviors Ti...