Knowledge is limited about whether root nutrient concentrations are affected by mixtures of tree species and interspecific root competition. The goal of this field study was to investigate root nutrient element concentrations in relation to root and ectomycorrhizal (EM) diversity in six different mixtures of beech (Fagus sylvatica), ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and lime (Tilia sp.) in an old-growth...

A survey of 200 communities with individuals such as urban foresters who have assigned responsibilities for their urban tree resource was conducted to provide baseline data on ash density within Ohio communities. Sixty-seven communities responded, including the five largest cities in Ohio. Data represent 25% of the population of Ohio and 33% of communities surveyed. Losses in landscape value fo...

Background and purpose: Phenol is one of prevalent contaminants found in many industrial wastewaters. The combination with special features, such as high toxicity, carcinogenic properties, vitality gathering ability, low biodegradation potentiality and others, based on the U.S Environmental Protection Agency, classified as a priority pollutant. The purpose of this study was to determine the eff...

In order to improve the durability of fly ash concrete, a series of experimental studies are carried out, where durability improving admixture is used to reduce drying shrinkage and improve freezing-thawing resistance. The effects of durability improving admixture, air content, water-binder ratio, and fly ash replacement ratio on the performance of fly ash concrete are discussed in this paper. ...

This project consisted of performance testing and evaluation of concrete containing high-carbon fly ash and carbon fibers. One of the primary aims of this project was to further determine the effect of using high-carbon fly ash and carbon fibers on the electrical properties of concrete. This is a part of the continuing work performed initially by the UWM Center for By-Products Utilization (UWM-...

Effective survey methods to detect and monitor recently established, low-density infestations of emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), remain a high priority because they provide land managers and property owners with time to implement tactics to slow emerald ash borer population growth and the progression of ash mortality. We evaluated options for using gi...

At least 10% of the world's tree species are threatened with extinction and pathogens are increasingly implicated in tree threats. Coextinction and threats to affiliates as a consequence of the loss or decline of their host trees is a poorly understood phenomenon. Ash dieback is an emerging infectious disease causing severe dieback of common ash Fraxinus excelsior throughout Europe. We utilized...

Smokers HMOX1 ASH 2.44 (1.07, 4.90) 2.43 (1.07, 6.24) 2.11 (0.71, 6.86) 2.74 (0.97, 5.14) 1.73 (0.84, 3.82) BSH 2.73 (1.44, 3.13) 2.14 (1.49, 2.37) 2.83 (1.98, 3.93) 1.49 (1.27, 2.97) 2.05 (1.12, 3.27) NQO1 ASH 1.70 (0.82, 5.48) 2.33 (1.23, 5.32) 1.76 (0.67, 4.00) 1.47 (0.63, 5.15) 2.11 (0.91, 4.31) BSH 0.30 (0.14, 1.95) 1.29 (0.93, 2.34) 1.58 (1.01, 3.95) 0.90 (0.63, 3.33) 0.86 (0.32, 2.20) No...

In 2013, in response to an epidemic of ash dieback disease in England the previous year, we launched a Facebook-based game called Fraxinus to enable non-scientists to contribute to genomics studies of the pathogen that causes the disease and the ash trees that are devastated by it. Over a period of 51 weeks players were able to match computational alignments of genetic sequences in 78% of cases...

The binary effect of pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) on heat of hydration of aerated concrete was studied. Three aerated concrete mixes were prepared, namely, concrete containing 100% ordinary Portland cement (control sample or Type I), binary concrete made from 50% POFA (Type II), and ternary concrete containing 30% POFA and 20% PFA (Type III). It is found that the tempe...