We provide in this paper a pair of properties that are both necessary and sufficient to characterize the domain of single-peaked preference profiles. This characterization allows for a definition of single-peaked preference profiles without using an ad-hoc unlerlying order of the alternatives and also sheds light on the structure of single-peaked profiles. Considering the larger domain of value...

New chemical entities often exhibit nonlinear pharmacokinetics (PK) profiles in experimental animals. However, the number of studies that have focused on species differences in nonlinear PK is very limited; thus, the aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the nonlinear PK of E2074 (2-[(2R)-2-fluoro-3-{(3r)[(3-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-8-yl}propyl]-4,5-dimethyl2,4-dihyd...

New chemical entities often exhibit nonlinear pharmacokinetics (PK) profiles in experimental animals. However, the number of studies that have focused on species differences in nonlinear PK is very limited; thus, the aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the nonlinear PK of E2074 (2-[(2R)-2-fluoro-3-{(3r)-[(3-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-8-yl}propyl]-4,5-dimethyl-2,4-dih...

The concept of calcium nanodomains established around the sites of calcium entry into the cell is fundamental for mechanistic consideration of key physiological responses. It stems from linear models of calcium diffusion from single channel into the cytoplasm, but is only valid for calcium increases smaller than the concentration of calcium-binding species. Recent experiments indicate much high...

BACKGROUND A pretrial clinical improvement project for the BOOST-II UK trial of oxygen saturation targeting revealed an artefact affecting saturation profiles obtained from the Masimo Set Radical pulse oximeter. METHODS Saturation was recorded every 10 s for up to 2 weeks in 176 oxygen dependent preterm infants in 35 UK and Irish neonatal units between August 2006 and April 2009 using Masimo ...

Several experiments have evidenced the occurrence of saturation overshoots for flows in homogeneous porous media. Such phenomena are ruled out by standard mathematical models, which are based on equilibrium assumptions. In this presentation we discuss nonequilibrium models, in particular including dynamic effects in the capillary pressure. This leads to extensions of the classical Buckley-Lever...

Multiply charged optical vortex solitons (OVS) (m=1,...,4) are generated in a thermal nonlinear medium with saturation. The respective soliton constants are found to be linearly proportional to the topological charges. Special attention is paid to the modulational instability, which is effectively suppressed by a moderate saturation but still remains an increasing function of the topological ch...

In this study, we investigate the complexity of two-phase flow (air/water) in a heterogeneous soil sample by using a complex network theory .Based on the different similarity measurements (i.e., correlation, Euclidean metrics) over the emerged patterns from the evolution of saturation of non-wetting phase of a multi-heterogeneous soil sample, the emerged complex networks are recognized. Underst...

Pulsed arterial spin labeling (ASL) techniques provide a noninvasive method of obtaining qualitative and quantitative perfusion images with MRI. ASL techniques employ inversion recovery and/or saturation recovery to induce perfusion weighting, and thus the performance of these techniques is dependent on the slice profiles of the inversion or saturation pulses. This article systematically examin...

Nowadays, saturation-based reasoners for the OWL EL profile of the Web Ontology Language are able to handle large ontologies such as SNOMED very efficiently. However, it is currently unclear how saturation-based reasoning procedures can be extended to very expressive Description Logics such as SROIQ—the logical underpinning of the current and second iteration of the Web Ontology Language. Table...