Objective(s): Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor and cognitive dysfunctions. The progressive degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons that are present in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) has been the main focus of study and PD therapies since ages.Materials and Methods: In this manuscript, a systematic revision...

Background and Objective: Dyskinesia is a debilitating complication of Parkinsonchr('39')s disease (PD), which appears due to some known risk factors. The effect of diabetes and high plasma glucose on the manifestation of dyskinesia has been evaluated in just a few previous reports. The current study aimed to assess the mentioned correlation. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, ...

introduction: parkinson`s disease (pd) is a chronic disorder of basal ganglia with cardinal signs of resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. various studies have evaluated quiet stance postural stability in mild pd but as the authors know there is no consensus on this issue. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate stance stability of the subjects at early stage...

Objective(s): To evaluate the role of Tc-99m TRODAT-1 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) by assessing the correlation of clinical disease severity, disease duration and age at onset of disease with specific uptake ratio of Tc-99m TRODAT-1 in striatum.Methods: The study included 63 patients in age range of 40-72 years with clinical diagnosis of PD and ...

Introduction: Long-term levodopa treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is frequently complicated by spontaneously occurring involuntary muscle movements called dyskinesia. The exact pathological mechanism of this complication has not yet been elucidated. We have previously demonstrated that in PD patients the vulnerability to develop peripheral but not orofacial dyskinesia is associated w...

introduction: parkinson s disease (pd) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, which its onset is later in adults and it s incidence increases in people aged between 55 and 60 years. dexterity, because of it s role at upper extremity function and person independency in function, is assessed in rehabilitation. purdue- pegboard test often is used in rehabilitation clinical settings...

BACKGROUND Changes in balance occur with the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE To validate the Brazilian version of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) for PD patients, determining its reliability and internal consistency and correlating it with PD-specific instruments. METHOD We evaluated 53 patients (M/F 37/16, mean age+/-SD, 62+/-7.9 years) with PD (mean+/-SD, 7.8+/-4.4 years)....

objective(s):parkinson's disease (pd) is known for motor impairments. but often, there are non-motor symptoms such as cognitive deficiency and pain misperception, owing to possible role of nigrostriatal pathway. antioxidants have protective effect on free radical-induced neuronal damage in pd. to further address, we examined the effects of ellagic acid (ea) in a rat model of pd induced by ...

Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in the ubiquitination of proteins that are important in the survival of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). We show that parkin is S-nitrosylated in vitro, as well as in vivo in a mouse model of PD and in brains of patients with PD and diffuse Lewy body disease. Moreover, S-nitrosylation inhibits parkin's ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and its p...

introduction: a large body of experimental evidence supports a role for oxidative stress as a mediator of nerve cell death in parkinson's disease (pd). flavonoids like quercetin have been reported to prevent neuronal degeneration caused by increased oxidative burden, therefore, this study examined whether quercetin administration at a high dose would attenuate behavioral abnormalities in e...