References pa.2010.0090.full.html#ref-list-1 http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2010/06/03/rs This article cites 19 articles, 1 of which can be accessed free P<P Published online 9 June 2010 in advance of the print journal. Subject collections (212 articles) applied mathematics • (44 articles) computational mathematics • (39 articles) statistical physics • Articles on simil...

[1] We study stress levels and radiated energy to infer the rupture characteristics and scaling relationships of aftershocks and other southern California earthquakes. We use empirical Green functions to obtain source time functions for 47 of the larger (M 4.0) aftershocks of the 1994 Northridge, California earthquake (M6.7). We estimate static and dynamic stress drops from the source time func...

The mechanisms of formation of a metastable defect isomer of fullerene C 60 due to the Stone-Wales transformation are theoretically studied. It is demonstrated that the paths of the " dynamic " Stone-Wales transformation at a high (sufficient for overcoming potential barriers) temperature can differ from the two " adiabatic " transformation paths discussed in the literature. This behavior is du...

We present the case of a healthy seasoned marathon runner who sustained bilateral quadriceps tendon rupture following a low-energy fall. Radiographs demonstrated bilateral patellar spurs. Our case report serves to highlight the importance of maintaining a high index of clinical suspicion in patients of all ages. This is the first report of bilateral quadriceps rupture in the presence of bilater...

In the course of certain lung diseases, the surface properties and the amount of fluids coating the airways changes and liquid bridges may form in the small airways blocking the flow of air, impairing gas exchange. During inhalation, these liquid bridges may rupture due to mechanical instability and emit a discrete sound event called pulmonary crackle, which can be heard using a simple stethosc...

Foldamers constructed from oligomers of β-peptides form stable secondary helix structures already for small chain lengths, which makes them ideal candidates for the investigation of the (un)folding of polypeptides. Here, the results of molecular simulations of the mechanical unfolding of a β-heptapeptide in methanol solvent revealing the detailed unfolding pathway are reported. The unfolding pr...

We present a source model for the beginning of earthquakes based on the Griffith's fracture criterion. The initial state is a critical state of pre-existing circular fault, which is on the verge of instability. After the onset of instability, the fault grows with a progressively increasing rupture speed, satisfying the condition of fracture energy balance at the crack tip. We investigate the di...

The solid state thermochemical decomposition kinetics and activation energy of neat 1,3,5,5-tetranitrohexahydropyrimidine (DNNC) and its DNNC-d6 deuterium labeled analogue were obtained by isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (IDSC) at 142, 145, and 148 ◦C. Global rate constants and kinetic deuterium isotope effect (KDIE) data from the exothermic decomposition process suggest that homol...

Adhesive forces are capable of deforming a soft elastic object when it comes in contact with a flat rigid substrate. The contact is in stable equilibrium if the total energy of the system arising from the elastic and surface forces exhibits a minimum at a zero or at a slightly negative load. However, as the system is continually unloaded, the energy barrier decreases and it eventually disappear...

The isolated base, plastic molded, power semiconductor module assembly has been available for various devices for over twenty years. During this time the power bipolar junction transistor, the BJT, has given way to the Insulated Gate Bipolar Junction Transistor, the IGBT, as the self commutatible device of choice especially for voltage source inverter topologies. As part of the power structure ...