scatophagus argus argus (green scat)is a pretty aquarium fish. its hard spines are venomous and can cause painful injury. in this study 60 specimens of green scat were collected periodically from coastal waters of boushehr (south of iran) from may 2011 to april 2012. anatomical features of venomous spines were investigated. scat venom was extracted from the spines in a new manner for keeping th...

Perinatal Ethics Unit, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Institute, The University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Department of Neonatal Medicine, Robinson Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Children’s Bioethics Centre, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Centre for Health and Society, U...

ethical consideration is a basic requirement for design of randomized clinical trials. the purpose of this study was to assess whether reports of iranian dental clinical trials complied with the requirements of the ethical principles of human research.in this retrospective observational study electronic search was performed to identify all dental clinical trials published between 2001 and 2011....

Introduction Most professional organizations whose members deal with trauma victims have published ethical standards for treatment-related issues. Examples include the AAMFT Code of Ethics published by the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapists, the Ethical Principles for Psychologists published by the American Psychological Association, the Principles of Medical Ethics with Ann...

The perinatal necropsy is an important investigation following fetal or neonatal loss. Legal requirements on registration decree that consent is needed before necropsy can proceed in some of these babies. However, there are ill-defined grey areas which are open to legal and ethical difficulties. This paper discusses the problems that can arise with consent for a necropsy in the perinatal period...

background: clinical trial is the standard method to assess efficacy of a medical intervention. because of its experimental nature, meaning that subjects are exposed to an intervention with uncertain outcome and according to historical evidences of criminal researches, clinical trial is of something of a lightning rod for ethical concerns. ethical issues surrounding clinical trials are very per...

advancements in different field of medicine have given rise to complex ethical dilemmas in clinical practice. the more the clinicians are sensitized to ethical problems and familiar with ethical decision-making, the more they can value professionalism in their practice. the current paper is designed to emphasize physicians to think ethically in the field of internal medicine and endocrinology. ...

there is great interest worldwide in discovering and developing a permanent source of tissues which would be capable of generating any cell type and which would avoid the problem of transplant rejection. stem cells are cells that can specialize into the many different cells found in the human body. the ethical objections concerning stem cells have focused primarily on their source. human embryo...

The availability of novel technologies, such as tandem-mass-spectrometry (MS/MS) and DNA analysis, has expanded tremendously the number of genetic conditions that can be diagnosed through neonatal screening programs at birth, including conditions that cannot be treated nor prevented, or that will become manifest only later in life, or that identify individuals that are only at an increased risk...