During the implementation of riprap project, underwater migration process stones is quite uncertain because its difficulty to observe. The stone transportation discrete, which makes it unsuitable be described by a continuous differential equation. Therefore, considering distribution jumping and waiting, continuous-time random walk (CTRW) model established. Based on actual engineering data, five...

Armoring shorelines to prevent erosion is a long-standing global practice that has well-documented adverse effects on coastal habitats and organisms. A relatively new form of shoreline protection, referred to as hybrid stabilization, incorporates created marsh in combination with a stabilizing structure such as a low-profile stone sill and is being implemented in many US coastal states as a mea...