Among driver assistance systems recently applied to PTWs (ABS, CBS, etc.), the autonomous braking without input from the rider, named Active Braking (AB), is one of the most promising safety functions. The potential benefits of the AB are encouraging, although the improper activation of the AB is dangerous for the rider. Therefore the triggering must occur only when the vehicle is in stability ...

The simplest model possible for bouncing systems consists of a point mass bouncing passively on a mass-less spring without viscous losses. This type of spring-mass model has been used to describe the stance period of symmetric running gaits. In this study, we investigated the interaction between horse and rider at trot using three models of force-driven spring (-damper)-mass systems. The first ...

Stress can have serious implications on road safety and evidence suggests that it could lead to increases in driving errors, lapses, and even crashes. Motorcyclists are a vulnerable road user group, and lapses in attention and risky behaviours resulting from stress could increase the risk of collision. However, few safety interventions for reducing stress have been developed and evaluated, espe...

2021 is the fiftieth anniversary year for Japanese live-action superhero franchise Kamen Rider. For half a century, heroes bearing name Rider have battled rubber suited monsters and defended smiles of children. Unlike many superheroes, however, Riders are grotesque heroes, usually drawing their powers from same source as villains they battle. Grotesque human-machine-animal hybrids, differ oppon...

Motorcycle crashes constitute a significant proportion of traffic accidents all over the world. The aim of this paper was to examine the motorcycle crash patterns and rider fault status across the provinces of Iran. For this purpose, 6638 motorcycle crashes occurred in Iran through 2009-2012 were used as the analysis data and a two-step clustering approach was adopted as the analysis framework....

Nowadays, aerodynamics is a key focal point in the vehicle design process. Beyond its direct impact on performance of vehicle, it also has significant effects economics and safety. In last decade numerical methods, mainly Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), have established themselves as reliable tool that assists process complements classical tunnel tests. However, questions remain about possi...

The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the use of an innovative social media-based data source, Twitter, to evaluate transit rider satisfaction. Transit authorities have access to vast amounts of performance metrics that measure ridership, timeliness, efficiency, safety, cleanliness, and service, to name a few. These performance metrics, however, are generally one-sided; they represent the in...

in this paper an optimal controller is proposed for a self-balancing electrical vehicle called segway pt. this vehicle has one platform and two wheels on the sides and the rider stands on the platform. a handlebar, as a navigator, is attached to the body of segway, with which the rider controls the vehicle. since segway uses electrical energy produced by batteries, resource consumption manageme...