The exponential growth of e-commerce borne from globalisation has fuelled the use of e-payment systems that are clearly a prerequisite business practice given that Internet consumers must pay for products and services. It is acknowledged that credit card payment is the foremost method for on-line purchases. However in Islamic countries, such as Libya, religious and ethical barriers prohibit the...

nowadays, the significant increase in the banks' non- performing loans is one of the main disturbances for authorities because of its bad effects on the macroeconomic index in our country such as increasing credit risk, liquidity risk and finally bankruptcy risk. social gap in welfare programs, deviation in monetary policies, etc. are the other bad results of this phenomenon. meanwhile, du...

INTRODUCTION Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is diagnosed by the presence of antibodies and is supplemented by confirmatory testing methods, such as recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) and HCV-RNA detection. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of RIBA testing to diagnose HCV infection in blood donors positive for anti-HCV antibodies. METHODS A total of 102 subjects positive for anti-H...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies were detected in 85.9% of the samples by commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits. Most EIA-positive samples were reactive (80%) by the RIBA HCV test (Ortho Diagnostics). Samples with optical density values greater than or equal to 2.0 were mostly reactive (87%) by RIBA HCV test, in contrast to those with values less than or equal to 1.0 (6.6%). Samples which ...

Fintech implementation still lacks legal protection for the parties involved. The rules imposed by Financial Services Authority (FSA/ Otoritas Jasa Keuangan/OJK) have aspects of riba that contradict sharia compliance principles. This study determines alternative solutions to unfair practices in conventional Fintech, especially peer-to-peer lending (P2P lending) Indonesian banking practices. res...

The diagnostic performances of three commercially available recombinant immunoblot assays (RIBAs) for anti-hepatitis C virus antibody were evaluated on 50 ORTHO-HCV RIBA-2 (RIBA-2)-indeterminate serum samples. Concordant interpretations were obtained with the three tests in 60% of the samples, with 56% positive, 2% indeterminate, and 2% negative results. Considering test performance in regard t...

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is a persistent problem worldwide due to efficient adaptation of the viral vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Therefore, the absence of effective anti-CHIKV drugs to combat chikungunya outbreaks often leads to a significant impact on public health care. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of drugs that are used to allevi...

The users (demand-side) of Malaysian Islamic banking uphold their behavioural intention toward awareness the need to comply with Riba-free banking, especially for entrepreneurs demanding venture capital strategies. Because high risks, Musharakah contracts are deemed less preferred in banking. This study needs examine factors influencing apply strategies contract. data were collected through a s...

F. Fabrizi, Nephrology Department, Hospital, Via Ghislanzoni 23, I-22053 Lecco (Italy) Dear Sir, Non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) is now the most common form of hepatitis in haemodialysis (HD) units both in patients and staff [1]. Recently, it has been clarified that hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of NANBH [2], but only indirect diagnosis is routinely available. In fact, with the advent...