OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of rituximab (RTX) in combination with methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after failure of a single tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor. Changes in patient-reported outcomes after primary treatment or retreatment with RTX and factors determining retreatment in clinical practice were also evaluated. METHODS In...

BACKGROUND Third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR-TKIs) have proved efficacious in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with acquired resistance resulting from the T790M mutation. However, since almost 50% patients with the acquired resistance do not harbor the T790M mutation, retreatment with first- or second-generation EGFR-TK...

maxillary second molar with two palatal roots is a rare dental anatomy. the diagnosis and treatment of exceeded root may create challenge for clinicians. the authors discuss the retreatment of a maxillary second molar in which exceeded root was undiagnosed in previous treatment. the case report underlines the importance of complete knowledge about root canal morphology which achieved by careful...

To evaluate the effectiveness of the ProTaper and Mtwo retreatment systems for removal of resin-based obturation techniques during retreatment. A total of 160 maxillary anterior teeth were enlarged to size 30 using ProTaper and Mtwo rotary instruments. Teeth were randomly divided into eight groups. Resilon + Epiphany, gutta-percha + Epiphany, gutta-percha + AH Plus and gutta-percha + Kerr Pulp ...

OBJECTIVES This multicenter, retrospective survey evaluated the efficacy and safety of bortezomib retreatment in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma who had responded to initial bortezomib treatment. METHODS Clinical records of 94 patients receiving bortezomib retreatment in Germany and Switzerland were reviewed. RESULTS Sixty patients were included according to prespecified criteria. P...

OBJECTIVE To assess the continued effectiveness and safety of Gel-200 following observation and open-label retreatment in an extension protocol following a randomized, double-blind, phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-controlled trial (initial treatment trial). DESIGN Patients who completed initial blinded treatment were allowed to enroll into this extension protocol that permitted retreatment wi...

Insecticide-treated mosquito nets have an impact on mortality and morbidity in young children under controlled conditions. When integrated into larger control programs, there is the danger that rates of regular retreatment of the nets with insecticide will drop, greatly limiting their effectiveness as a public health intervention. In Bagamoyo District, Tanzania, rates of retreatment dropped sig...

INTRODUCTION Teeth undergoing initial endodontic therapy have a very high survival rate. Some teeth that continue to show signs of pathosis after the initial therapy will require nonsurgical (orthograde) retreatment. Outcome assessment of endodontic retreatment is crucial for appropriate case selection and treatment planning. However, reports on outcomes of orthograde endodontic retreatment per...

Objectives To determine the incidence of crack formation and propagation in apical root dentin after retreatment procedures performed using ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTR), Mtwo-R, ProTaper Next (PTN), and Twisted File Adaptive (TFA) systems. Materials and Methods The study consisted of 120 extracted mandibular premolars. One millimeter from the apex of each tooth was ground perpendicula...

Studies have shown that the bortezomib-based retreatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) may prolong control of the disease. The optimal duration of bortezomib-based retreatment in relapsed or refractory MM is unknown. The present retrospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of short-course bortezomib-based retreatment in patients who had received bortezomib-thalidomide-dexameth...