among the many reasons that may limit the adoption of promising reform ideas, policy capacity is the least recognized. the concept itself is not widely understood. although policy capacity is concerned with the gathering of information and the formulation of options for public action in the initial phases of policy consultation and development, it also touches on all stages of the policy proces...

iran’s small and medium enterprises (smes) have been widely introduced in the market these days. in the emerging trend of electronic data interchange, iran’s political, economical and social issues have been diverted to a more aggressive approach to the world of e-commerce, that despite the shadowing issues of the past, iran already internalized the promising craft of e-commerce through various...

Abstract In the current literature, institutional adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) governance standards is mainly understood in a binary sense (adoption versus no adoption), and existing research has hitherto focused on inducements as well barriers related organizational change. However, little known about often invisible internal patterns relating to entrepreneurship field CSR...

Individual and Corporate Social Responsibility Society’s demands for individual and corporate social responsibility as an alternative response to market and distributive failures are becoming increasingly prominent. We first draw on recent developments in the “psychology and economics” of prosocial behavior to shed light on this trend, which reflects a complex interplay of genuine altruism, soc...

concern over the depletion of natural resources in general, and water scarcity in particular, has stimulated the development and implementation of some policies aimed at changing farmers' behavior in terms of conserving water. in this regard, government has recently begun to invest on researches supporting the technical solutions on conserving water in the agricultural sector as the bigges...

Research has shown that the United States lags many other countries in the adoption of electronic health records (EHRs). The U.S. has now embarked on a major effort to achieve "meaningful use" of health information technology by clinicians and hospitals. This issue brief describes the extent of meaningful use in three countries with very high levels of health information technology adoption—Den...

INTRODUCTION Opioid abuse has reached epidemic levels. Evidence-based treatments such as buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT) remain underutilized. Offering BMT in primary care settings has the potential to reduce overall costs of care, decrease medical morbidity associated with opioid dependence, and improve treatment outcomes. However, access to BMT, especially in rural areas, remains limi...

For people with disabilities, many aspects of daily life can be inaccessible. Legally, various disability laws, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1997) mandate that reasonable accommodations should be provided for employees and students with reading disabilities. Computer-based assistive technologies are one way to provide ac...

In order to mitigate the uncertainty that arises from the five paradoxes of corporate strategic philanthropy, we must re including its basic underlying assumptions. This paper sets forth a new model of corporate social responsibility: the charitable responsibilities model. By embracing the new model set forth paper, businesses can avoid the common pitfalls of corporate strategic philanthropy, i...