conclusions though antibiotics are rarely indicated, they are often still used to treat rtis. the resulting increase in bacterial resistance, the lack of treatment efficacy, and drug-related side effects all underscore the need for alternative strategies to manage recurrent rtis. this article uses a typical pediatric case study to review central issues in the diagnosis and management of recurre...

on june 2005, a respiratory disease was observed in the chickens of a large broiler farm in kermanshahprovince, west of iran. relatively severe respiratory signs started with sneezing at 27 days of age. thedisease lasted up to the end of fattening period and accompanied by increased mortality (13.6%). at postmortemexamination, tracheitis, airsacculitis and pneumonia were obvious. serologic exam...

introduction acute respiratory infections (aris) continue as the leading cause of mortality in under 5-year-old children worldwide. we decided to review available data about the incidence and prevalence of all diseases included in this category in iran. methods a systematic review was designed to obtain related data from english and farsi sources, published or unpublished. an internet search of...

chylothorax is an unusual cause of pleural effusion after the neonatal period in children without a previous history of cardiothoracic surgery. determination of the causes of this condition can be often challenging. herein, we present a case of a 6-month-old male infant, presenting with sudden severe breathlessness, which was later diagnosed as spontaneous left-sided chylothorax.

in korea, hypertension has become more prevalent with the westernization of korean diets and lack of exercise. this study aimed at investigating the associations between physical fitness variables and hypertension status in korean women.the subjects were 9,216 women aged >20 years who visited a public health promotion center for physical fitness tests. cardiovascular respiratory fitness was eva...

conclusions treatment of neonatal respiratory failure with high rate mechanical ventilation may reduce some complications. results intraventricular hemorrhage (ivh) and air leak (e.g. pneumothorax) were less in hfppv group than conventional group (p = 0.012 and p = 0.038). the mean time needed for mechanical ventilation was lower in hfppv group, but this difference was not statistically signifi...

background: using of natural and synthetic surfactant is a rescue treatment for respiratory distress syndrome. in iran, survanta and curosurf are the most frequent used natural surfactant preparations. we compared the clinical response and safety of two surfactants poractant alpha (curosurf) and beractant (survanta) for treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (rds) in preterm infants. method...

background: increased incidence and severity of acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) are variably associated with malnutrition. objectives: we aimed to examine the prevalence of malnutrition in under-five year old hospitalized children with alri. patients and methods: children aged from 6 to 60 months, mostly from a low socioeconomic population, admitted with alri, were enrolled prosp...

Background and Aims: The role of BK and JC polyomaviruses (BKV and JCV) in the causation of respiratory disease and the natural route of transmission has not well been established. The aim of study was to determine the prevalence of BK and JC viruses in 280 respiratory samples and evaluate their contribution to respiratory disease. Materials and Methods: PCR was used to screen specimens for BK...

the respiratory tract contains numerous peptides secreted from special pulmonary epithelial cells whichare called endocrine cells. the function of neuroendocrine cells is modulated by amines. serotonin has strong vasomotor and bronchomotor effects in the airway mucosa. the objective of this study was to determine presence and distribution of serotonin-positive endocrine cells in respiratory tra...