we investigate buchbaum and eisenbud's construction of the second symmetric power $s_r(x)$ of a chain complex $x$ of modules over a commutative ring $r$. we state and prove a number of results from the folklore of the subject for which we know of no good direct references. we also provide several explicit computations and examples. we use this construction to prove the following ...

respiratory disease conditions are continuing to cause heavy economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort) has been incriminated as a possible additional causative agent in respiratory disease complex. although, ort has been proved to be highly sensitive to different chemical disinfectants, currently, ort infection appears to have become endemic and ca...

The aerobic respiratory chain of Escherichia coli is branched. In aerobically grown cells harvested in midexponential phase, a respiratory chain containing only b-type cytochromes is predominant. This chain contains a terminal oxidase which is a b-type cytochrome, referred to as cytochrome o. However, when the bacteria are grown under conditions of oxygen limitation, additional components of th...

background upper respiratory tract infections (urti) in children are the most frequent reasons for visiting a family doctor, commonly resulting in inappropriate prescription of antibiotics. in underdeveloped countries, a viral respiratory tract infection may be followed by serious complications. more than 200 viral species are associated with respiratory tract diseases in humans and this number...

Mitochondria play critical roles in meeting cellular energy demand, in cell death, and in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stress signaling. Most Caenorhabditis elegans loss-of-function (lf) mutants in nuclear-encoded components of the respiratory chain are non-viable, emphasizing the importance of respiratory function. Chromophore-Assisted Light Inactivation (CALI) using genetically-encoded p...