On-site soils are increasingly used in the treatment and restoration of ecosystems to harmonize with the local landscape and minimize costs. Eight natural soils from diverse ecological zones in the source area of a drinking-water reservoir in central China are used as adsorbents for the uptake of phosphorus from aqueous solutions. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometric and BET (Brunauer-Emm...

It has been now well documented that quantum coherence and interference effects can modify the absorption and dispersion properties of an atomic system [1,2]. In the most common situation, that of a Λ-type threelevel system, the medium becomes transparent to a probe laser field near an otherwise absorbing resonant transition. This is achieved via the application of a second laser field coupling...

It has been proposed that chaos can serve as a reservoir providing an infinite number of dynamical states [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. These can be interpreted as different behaviors, search actions or computational states which are selectively adequate for different tasks. The high flexibility of chaotic regimes has been noted, as well as other advantages over regular regimes. However, the model neurons u...

BACKGROUND Davide Calamari and his colleagues were among the first to appreciate that vegetation could play a key role in determining the fate and effects of organic contaminants. They conducted pioneering experiments to investigate the uptake of contaminants by plants from the atmosphere and they sought to model the observed phenomena. In the nearly two decades since there has been a marked in...

Petrophysics and Geophysics have not always worked in the past as closely together as one might expect. This paper discusses current advances, and sketches future developments. The major objective of Geophysical Research was to obtain sharper pictures. With the advent of 3-D seismic, there is a strong trend to make displays both in time and depth, and to convert seismic attributes into rock pro...

Downing, B.D., B.A. Bergamaschi, D.G. Evans and E. Boss. 2008. Estimating source-specific contributions of DOC into a drinking-water reservoir using optical profiling. Lake Reserv. Manage. 24:381–391. Understanding the sources of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in drinking-water reservoirs is an important management issue because DOC may form disinfection by-products, interfere with disinfection...

NMR well logging of petroleum reservoir require the measurement of the NMR response of water, oil, and gas in the pore space of rocks at elevated temperatures and pressures. The viscosity of the oil may range from less than 1 cp to greater than 10,000 cp. Also, the oil and gas are not a single component but rather a broad distribution of components. The log mean T1 and T2 relaxation time of dea...

Reliable and sufficient welltest data is necessary for the evaluation of reservoir properties and well performance. Best results a r e usually obtained by monitoring downhole pressure and flow rate continuously during a transient test. However, a recurring problem for geothermal welltests has been the failure of the downhole pressure instrument in the high temperatures and hostile environments,...

Kalman filter-based methods have been widely applied for assimilating new measurements to continuously update the estimate of state variables, such as reservoir properties and responses. The standard Kalman filtering scheme requires computing and storing the covariance matrix of state variables, which is computationally expensive for large-scale problems with millions of gridblocks. In the ense...

There has been little interest in the application of hydraulic fracture treatment in Iranian oil fields, thanks to the primarily suitable production rates of the vast oil fields. In this paper, hydraulic fracturing treatment was simulated by different models for a carbonate reservoir in the southwest of Iran. Suitable pay zones were nominated based on the lithology, water-oil saturation, geomec...