In repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), repetitive cortical stimulation induces after-effects, and rTMS has been applied as a treatment for various neurological or psychiatric disorders. Animal studies demonstrated that cortical stimulation could improve Parkinsonism, and a meta-analysis of clinical studies showed efficacy of high frequency rTMS. We conducted two clinical trials...

transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) has been applied to a growing number of psychiatric disorders as a neurophysiological probe, a primary brain-mapping tool and a candidate treatment. although most investigations have focused on the treatment of major depression, increasing attention has been paid to anxiety disorders. the aim of this study is to long time (for 30 days) effect of repetitiv...

This study provides support for the hypothesis that treatment response to an initial course of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for depression predicts the magnitude of response to a subsequent course of rTMS in the setting of symptom relapse.

OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating resistant major depression were examined in a double-blind, controlled study. METHOD Eighteen medication-resistant depressed subjects were randomly assigned to 2 weeks of real or sham rTMS, then permitted up to 4 weeks of real rTMS. Effects on mood, neuropsychological function...

Nowadays, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to treat major depression and migraine. Integrating transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalogram (TMS EEG) may provide beneficial information. This paper introduces the experimental design, experimental setup and experimental procedures to differentiate the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and witho...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive technique to induce electric currents in the brain. Although rTMS is being evaluated as a possible alternative to electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of refractory depression, little is known about the pattern of activation induced in the brain by rTMS. We have compared immediate early gene expression in rat brain afte...

IIntroduction: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulates the excitability of cortical neural networks. The effect of rTMS on excitability of cortical networks depends on its frequency. According to the previous reports, a distinction is made between low (<1Hz) and high frequencies of rTMS. Low frequencies of rTMS inhibit seizure but high frequencies increase it. In the curre...

BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation with motor evoked potential monitoring is a non-invasive method for monitoring motor tracts during surgery. However, anaesthetic agents such as propofol and volatile agents reduce responses to single transcranial magnetic stimulation. We assessed an intravenous technique for anaesthesia to allow motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to be monitored using re...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is emerging as a valuable adjunctive therapeutic modality in movement disorders. It is a non-invasive technique of repeated stimulation of the cerebral cortex by a train of magnetic pulses. The therapeutic effect of rTMS was first noted in depression. Later several researchers have investigated the role of rTMS in various movement disorders, n...