A Laser Induced Fluorescence technique (LIF) has been used to study the mixing behavior of two emerging streams in a T-Type mixing chamber. A mixing index on the basis of digital image light intensities is calculated. It has been shown that averaging over more than 800 images leads to a stable mixing index calculation. Moreover, the effect of equal and un-equal flow rates on the mixing behavior...

Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite tropical wind and constituent measurements are used to estimate an upper limit of mid-latitude to tropical trace gas exchange by examining the phase of the N20/CH 4 ratio with respect to the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation winds. Assuming a simple diffusive model for tropical mid-latitude exchange in the 20-28 km region, the mixing times are estimated to be at lea...

The q2 dependence of the π-η mixing amplitude is examined with the use of QCD sum rules. The linear slope of the mixing function θ(q2) is found to be much smaller than that for ρ-ω mixing. Thus the mixing amplitude is approximately the same in the space-like region as in the time-like one, and one may neglect the q2 dependence of the mixing. A comparison between a hadron-meson, an effective chi...

We have analyzed the results of the latest terrestrial neutrino oscillation experiments in the framework of a model with mixing of three massive neutrinos and a neutrino mass hierarchy (m1 ≪ m2 ≪ m3). In this model, oscillations of the terrestrial neutrinos are characterized by three parameters, ∆m2 ≡ m3 − m1 and the squared moduli of the two mixing matrix elements Ue3 and Uμ3. Using the result...

We use a 3D computational model to study the fluid transport and mixing due to the beating of an infinite array of cilia. In accord with recent experiments, we observe two distinct regions: a fluid transport region above the cilia and a fluid mixing region below the cilia tip. The metachronal wave due to phase differences between neighboring cilia is known to enhance the fluid transport above t...

Lagrangian PDF investigations are performed of the Sandia piloted flame E and the Cabra H2/N2 lifted flame to help develop a deeper understanding of local extinction, re-ignition and auto-ignition in these flames, and of the PDF models’ abilities to represent these phenomena. Lagrangian particle time series are extracted from the PDF model calculations and are analyzed. In the analysis of the r...

A structured mathematical model of anaerobic conversion of complex organic materials in non-ideally cyclic-batch reactors for biogas production has been developed. The  model is based on multiple-reaction stoichiometry (enzymatic hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis), microbial growth kinetics, conventional material balances in the liquid and gas phases for a cyclic-bat...

The remote sensing of the atmospheric greenhouse gases methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the troposphere from instrumentation aboard satellites is a new area of research. In this manuscript, results obtained from observations of the up-welling radiation in the near-infrared by SCIAMACHY on board ENVISAT are presented. Vertical columns of CH4, CO2 and oxygen (O2) have been retrieved and ...

The article deals with numerical investigation of axisymmetric subsonic air to air ejector. An analysis of flow and mixing processes in cylindrical mixing chamber are made. Several modes with different velocity and ejection ratio are presented. The mixing processes are described and differences between flow in the initial region of mixing and the main region of mixing are described. The lengths...

We study the constraints from updated electroweak data on the three leptophobic Z ′ models, the η model with an appropriate U(1)U(1)Y kinetic mixing, a Z ′ model motivated by the flipped SU(5) × U(1) unification, and the phenomenological Z ′ model of Agashe, Graesser, and Hinchliffe. The Z-Z ′ mixing effects are parametrized in terms of a positive contribution to the T parameter, Tnew, and the ...