Computational grid computing has emerged as one of the most promising research areas in high performance and distributed computing. The ability to allocate large numbers of resources for a parallel application with a greatly reduced cost makes the concept grid computing highly appealing. The heterogeneous nature of a grid creates a complex application environment; the nature of faults within th...

California is a leader among states in its efforts to cut greenhouse gas emissions. Under the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (Assembly Bill 32), the state has set itself on a course to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020. In addition to its cap-and-trade program, California aims to accomplish this objective via a large assortment of complementary...

Shipment consolidation has been advocated by researchers and politicians as a means to reduce cost and improve environmental performance of logistics activities. This paper investigates consolidated transport solutions with a common shipment frequency. When a service provider designs such a solution for its customers, she faces a trade-o : to have the most time-sensitive customers join the cons...

The main advantage of inverse iteration over the QR algorithm and Divide & Conquer for the symmetric tridiagonal eigenproblem is that subsets of eigenpairs can be computed at reduced cost. The MRRR algorithm (MRRR = Multiple Relatively Robust Representations) is a clever variant of inverse iteration without the need for reorthogonalization. stegr, the current version of MRRR in LAPACK 3.0, does...

Xylitol is a naturally occuring sugar alcohol, which is currently produced chemically on a large scale. In recent years the bioconversion of D-xylose from lignocellulosic residues into xylitol, gained an increased attention as an alternative procedure , due to its high efficiency and reduced cost of such technology. The biotechnological method of producing xylitol involves microorganisms that a...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is useful. AI can deliver more functionality for reduced cost. AI should be used more widely but won’t be unless developers can trust adaptive, nondeterministic, or complex AI systems. Verification and validation is one method used by software analysts to gain that trust. AI systems have features that make them hard to check using conventional V&Vmethods. Neverthele...

value chain. The increasing emphasis on reduced cost and improved quality, on faster product development through cross-functional teams, and on closer buyersupplier relationship, are changing their perception of purchasing. Purchasing has a role in corporate strategy and together with suppliers; it can play a strategic role in achieving sustainable competitive advantage in rapidly changing mark...

A number of companies have employed Global Software Development (GSD) methodology as a useful tool for their software development practices. GSD is a contractual relationship between client and vendor organizations in which a client outsources all or some part of its software development activities to a vendor. The vendor in return provides the agreed services in lieu of certain amount of remun...

Abstract. In Sussman, Smereka, and Osher [J. Comp. Phys., 94 (1994), pp. 146–159], a numerical scheme was presented for computing incompressible air–water flows using the level set method. Crucial to the above method was a new iteration method for maintaining the level set function as the signed distance from the zero level set. In this paper we implement a “constraint” along with higher order ...

W designing supply chains, firms are often faced with the competing demands of improved customer service and reduced cost. We extend a cost-based location-inventory model (Shen et al. 2003) to include a customer service element and develop practical methods for quick and meaningful evaluation of cost/service trade-offs. Service is measured by the fraction of all demands that are located within ...