Recent information society policies have been paying much attention to the threat of a "digital divide". The gap between citizens from different socio-economic backgrounds with regard to their opportunities and abilities to access and use information and communication technologies is commonly regarded as a potential barrier for participation in the information society. This paper suggests a met...

We study the joint effect of thermal bath fluctuations and an external noise tuning activity of cytotoxic cells on the triggered immune response in a growing cancerous tissue. The immune response is assumed to be primarily mediated by effector cells that develop a cytotoxic activity against the abnormal tissue. The kinetics of such a reaction is represented by an enzymatic-like Michaelis-Menten...

The paper deals with the dynamics of the electrons in the first phase of the expansion of a spherical plasma irradiated by an ultraintense laser pulse, in which the ions can be considered as immobile. A simple model of ‘‘competitive escape’’ is proposed, in which the electrons leaving the ion sphere increase a potential barrier that prevents other electrons from escaping. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. A...

a new hybrid modal-moment method is proposed to calculate fields penetrated through small apertures on rectangular metallic enclosures. first, the method of moments is used to numerically solve the governing electric field integral equation for the equivalent two-dimensional surface-current distributions on the surface of metallic enclosure including any number of rectangular apertures of arbit...

The setting of this research is Bishop’s constructive mathematics. Let q be an anticongruence on a semigroup S with apartness. For q we say that it is an rectangular band anticongruence if S/q is a rectangular band. In paper [12] a construction of the maximal rectangular band anticongruence on a semigroup is described. This paper is continuation of that research. Let T be a detachable subsemigr...

A rectangular drawing is a plane drawing of a graph in which every face is a rectangle. Rectangular drawings have an application for floorplans, which may have a huge number of faces, so compact code to store the drawings is desired. The most compact code for rectangular drawings needs at most 4 f − 4 bits, where f is the number of inner faces of the drawing. The code stores only the graph stru...

A 3D-dissection (A rectangular solid dissection) is a dissection of a rectangular solid into smaller rectangular solids by planes. In this paper, we propose an O-sequence, a string of representing any 3Ddissection which is dissected by only non-crossing rectangular planes. We also present a necessary and sufficient condition for a given string to be an O-sequence. key words: rectangular solid d...

Motivation The motivation for Rectangular Partitioning comes from my work. The application I help create has forms that can be designed by third parties, and it also has a layout engine that makes it easy to change the layout of a form based on the size of the form and its contents. The layout engine takes as it’s input a table of cells and their contents, along with attributes specifying how a...

A generalized real-space renormalization scheme is developed for geometrical critical phenomena The renormalization group is parametrized by the standard length-scaling factor and a new redangular area-fraction factor. This rectangular renormalization scheme utilizes relatively small r e m g u l a r sublanices to effeaively renormalize large square lattices. With the area-fraction factor, one c...

the efficiency of a collar in reducing the scour depth around circular and rectangular piers is studied at different flow intensities (ratio of upstream shear stress to sediment critical shear stress). rectangular piers aligned with the flow as well as skewed at 5º, 10º, 20º were examined. previous studies had shown that with collar the equilibrium time of scouring increases considerably. to re...