background: bisphosphonates (bps) are used extensively for managing the osteoporosis. there are some controversies on atypical fractures of femur that associated with increase in cortical thickness (ct) and bps' use. in this study, the effects of alendronate consumption were studied on femoral ct as a predictor for atypical fracture.   methods: forty nine post-menopausal women aged 50-70 years ...

The molecular-based SAFT equation of state has proven to be very versatile in the prediction of fluid phase equilibria. However, in common with all analytic equations of state, SAFT exhibits classical behavior in the critical region rather than the nonanalytical, singular behavior seen in real fluids. As a result, accurate agreement over the whole phase diagram cannot be obtained and must be lo...

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a persistent condition characterized by chronic anxiety, exaggerated worry and tension, mainly comorbid with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Currently, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are recommended as first-line treatment of GAD. However, some patients may not respond to the treatment or discontinu...

Introduction: To date, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been demonstrated to have great potential as contrast agent for CT imaging and therapeutics. This study was designed to evaluate any effect on X-ray attenuation that might result from using GNPs with a variety of size, surface chemistries and shapes.   Materials and Methods: Spherical GNPs and gold nanorod...

in the present study application of x-ray computed tomography as a nondestructive technique for estimation of some qualitative parameters of pomegranate fruit was studied. for this purpose, three local cultivars of pomegranate fruit of fars province, iran that included; rabab malas, rabab torsh and khani kazeroon were used. the x-ray ct images of pomegranate fruits were prepared using ct-scan d...

Background: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are used extensively for managing the osteoporosis. There are some controversies on atypical fractures of femur that associated with increase in cortical thickness (CT) and BPs’ use. In this study, the effects of alendronate consumption were studied on femoral CT as a predictor for atypical fracture.   Methods: Forty nine post-menopausal women age...

Introduction: Crosstalk is a leakage of X-ray or light produced in a matrix of X-ray detectors or array of photodiodes in one element to other elements affecting on image contrast and spatial resolution. In this study, we assessed X-ray crosstalk in a computed tomography (CT) scanner with small detector elements to estimate the effect of various parameters such as X-ray tube voltage, detector e...

According as the progress of medical technique, X-ray imaging systems have been progressed. Especially, X-ray CT imaging system have been improved and widely used as general diagnostic methods nowadays in Japan. However, the doses for patients of X-ray CT imaging are relatively higher than of other Xray examinations. The dose estimations and optimizations on X-ray CT are very important for medi...

PURPOSE Attenuation correction with an X-ray CT image is a new method to correct attenuation on SPECT imaging, but the effect of the registration errors between CT and SPECT images is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of the registration errors on myocardial SPECT, analyzing data from a phantom and a human volunteer. METHODS Registerion (fusion) of the X-ray CT and SPECT ima...

With wide industrial application, computerized tomography (CT) is a rapidly developing technique that is especially useful for imaging and measuring multi-component and multi-phase processes. Tomographic measurements can be obtained by using different sensors, such as X-ray, ultrasonic, optical and microwave sensors, as well as electrical impedance electrodes [6]. X-ray, ultrasonic and microwav...