Rapid sand filters are very common in all conventional water treatment plants. Capping of existing rapid can be the promising method improving performance filters. is process which upper bed layer few cm replaced with capping material. However, this technique limited India due to unavailability filter materials apart from sand. Some suitable for anthracite coal, PVC granules, bituminous broken ...

AIMS To develop an anti-microbial filter media using an attached quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) and evaluate its performance under conditions relevant to household drinking water treatment in developing countries. METHODS AND RESULTS Silica sand was coated with dimethyloctadecyl [3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ammonium chloride via covalent silane chemistry. Filter columns packed with coated...

abstract in order to investigate the removal of copper, nickel, zinc and chromium from industrial waste water by a sand–soil–organic matter filter column, this experiment was conducted at a completely randomized design with sixteen treatments and four replications. p.v.c tubes (columns) with 66.5 cm height and 10 cm diameter were chosen and filled from down to top by coarse gravel (15 cm), sand...

Some physical, chemical and biological properties of raw water collected from Caroni River in Central Trinidad and raw wastewater from Angostura Distillery in North Trinidad were measured in the laboratory. In addition, the properties of the water effluent obtained by passing the raw Caroni River water through various sand-clay filter media that differed in the proportions of sand and clay by v...

SECONDARY TREATMENT OF SULLAGE WASTEWATER USING ROUGH AND SLOW SAND FILTRATION A. El-Morsy Ahmed Water Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt Abstract: Challenges of wastewater treatment concerning high construction cost of the wastewater treatment plants and operation and maintenance, also the requirements of highly qualified operators, specially with the mec...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare between slow and rapid sand filters for the removal of free-living amoebae during drinking water treatment production. METHODS Overall, 48 water samples were collected from two drinking water treatment plants having two different filtration systems (slow and rapid sand filters) and from inlet and outlet of each plant. Water samples were collecte...

Engineering enhancement of slow sand filtration has been an enigma in large part because the mechanisms responsible for particle removal have not been well characterized. The presumed role of biological processes in the filter ripening process nearly precluded the possibility of enhancing filter performance since interventions to enhance biological activity would have required decreasing the qu...

Abstract Water treatment of river water is generally carried out conventionally, a rapid sand filter consisting coagulation unit, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration. One the disadvantages filters that it requires large volume for washing, inconsistent quality, escape microorganisms less than 0.01 mm in size. Membrane technology can solve this problem with advantages including more comp...

Laboratory column studies were conducted at the Utah Water Research Laboratory, Logan, Utah, to evaluate reovirus removal from drinking water supplies by slow-rate sand filtration (SSF). Columns, constructed to simulate a full-scale SSF field operation, were inoculated with reovirus at ca. 1,000-times-greater concentrations than those typically found in domestic sewage. Reovirus removal and ina...