The importance of considering the spatial distribution of rainfall for process-oriented hydrological modelling is well-known. However, the application of rainfall radar data to provide such detailed spatial resolution is still under debate. In this study the process-oriented TAC (Tracer Aided Catchment model, Distributed) model had been used to investigate the effects of different spatially dis...

Urban run-off increases significantly due to increased impervious area and reduced drainage network. Evaluation of land use in urban area plays a vital role as input to the estimation of runoff. The hydrological design standard for urban water resources planning and management is commonly based on the frequency of occurrence of heavy rainfall events. In the present study, the occurrence of most...

[1] Predicted precipitation regime changes in arid ecosystems have the potential to alter soil C balance, but the influence of changes in different aspects of precipitation (amount, seasonality, and intensity) and the factors contributing to such effects are poorly understood. We used a process-based ecosystem model (PALS) that was modified, parameterized, and evaluated for a Mojave Desert ecos...

Introduction Conclusions References

Rainfall forecasts compiled by the South African Weather Service (SAWS) are used daily by agriculture, industry, sportsmen and the general public. Because of the importance of the rainfall forecast, it is of considerable interest to know how reliable these forecasts are. The SAWS evaluates the rainfall forecasts issued by the Central Forecasting Office (CFO) on a daily basis. A hit score is det...

The study on the lateral movement of soil organic carbon (SOC) during soil erosion can improve the understanding of global carbon budget. Simulated rainfall experiments on small field plots were conducted to investigate the SOC lateral movement under different rainfall intensities and tillage practices. Two rainfall intensities (High intensity (HI) and Low intensity (LI)) and two tillage practi...

Characteristics of surface runoff from a 0.14-km2 urban catchment with separated sewer in Macau was investigated. Water quality measurements of surface runoff were carried out on five rainfall events during the period of August to November, 2005. Water quality parameters such as pH, turbidity, TSS, COD, TN, Zn, Pb, and Cu were analyzed. The results show that TN and COD are the major pollutants ...

Rainfall event separation is mainly based on the selection of minimum inter-event time (MIET). The traditional approach to determining a suitable MIET for estimating probability density functions often using frequency histograms. However, this cannot avoid arbitrariness and subjectivity in selecting histogram parameters. To overcome above limitations, study proposes kernel estimation (KDE) rain...

A 8^*0 monsoon rainfall proxy record from a U-Th-dated Costa Rican stalagmite (8840-4920 yr B.P.) documents an early Holocene dry period correlative with the highlatitude 8200 yr B.P. cold event. High 8i«0 values between ca. 8300 and 8000 yr B.P. demonstrate reduced rainfall and a weaker monsoon in Central America. A relatively wetter and more stable monsoon was established ca. 7600 yr B.P. The...