*Correspondence to: Ting Ma, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. †E-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY Video transmissions over satellite links are sensitive to signal fades due to rain, especially in the tropics. We performed a video streaming experiment over a satellite link for 24 days distributed over one year to investigate the eff...

The images acquired by outdoor vision system in the rain or snow have low contrast and are blurred, and it can cause serious degradation. Traditional rain (snow) removal method is restricted with the intensity, so the effect is not ideal. According to the characteristic of vision system acquiring multiple different degraded images in a short time, the paper processes multiple images to realize ...

The signal propagation at the frequencies above 10 GHz suffers from significant attenuation due to rain, which in case of point-to-multipoint systems is unlikely to be compensated for by available fade margin alone. For this reason and especially thanks to the non-uniform spatial distribution of the rain rate, it is suitable to utilize site diversity concept during planning of point-to-multipoi...

1. はじめに リアルな雲の動きの生成は,コンピュータグラフ ィックス (CG)分野で重要な研究テーマの一つであ る.しかし,従来研究では降雨を伴う雲 (雨雲 )の形 成は考慮されていない.雨雲は,積雲・積乱雲・乱 層雲などの総称であり,さまざまな気象要因により 生じる.熱帯では主に,強い上昇気流によって雨雲 が形成される.また,日本のような中緯度帯では, 前線などのように,温度分布に変化がある空間中を 大気が主に水平方向に通過することによって雲が形 成される.例えば,温暖前線では乱層雲などが雨を もたらし,降雨を経て軽くなった雲がさらに前線面 に沿って上昇することにより,高い高度に薄い雲が 生成される.これらの気象現象により,雲の密度分 布・大気中の水蒸気分布や雨滴の大きさの分布は変 化に富み,輪郭が明瞭なものから不明瞭なものまで, さまざまな雲が形成される.このように,降雨を伴 ...

The RAINS model is used to calculate cost minimising abatement policies subject to European-wide spatial restrictions on pollution. The principle for choosing environmental targets for the 1994 Oslo Protocol was closing a gap between benchmarkand critical loads for each grid with a uniform percentage. During the negotiations for the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol accumulated ecosystems exceedances wa...

Acid rain is a problem that despite efforts to reduce atmospheric pollution, continues impact not only countries where there high production of pollutants, but also transboundary areas which the pollutants are transported. In addition its effects on human health, infrastructure and consequences this entails. This study effect acid calcareous materials highlights need for protection buildings co...