In humans, orally administered 4-(5-pyridin-4-yl-1H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl) pyridine-2-carbonitrile (FYX-051) is excreted mainly as triazole N(1)- and N(2)-glucuronides in urine. It is important to determine the enzyme(s) that catalyze the metabolism of a new drug to estimate individual differences and/or drug-drug interactions. Therefore, the characterization and mechanism of these glucuronidatio...

Air pollution significantly affects public health in many countries. In particular, indoor air quality can be equally, if not more, concerning than outdoor emissions of pollutant gases. However, monitoring the homes and apartments using chemical analyzers may affordable for households due to their high costs logistical issues. Therefore, a new alternative is represented by low-cost monitors (AQ...

Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) represents a severe environmental problem and is of negative impact on human health. Xi'an City, with a population of 6.5 million, is among the highest concentrations of PM2.5 in China. In 2013, in total, there were 191 days in Xi'an City on which PM2.5 concentrations were greater than 100 μg/m3. Recently, a few studies have explor...

Further integration of different spatial scales in concentration modeling is important for assessing the European limit values for NO2. The local NO2-concentrations are influenced by the regional background, the local emissions and the street canyon effects. Therefore, it is important to combine all these contributions in the model chain that one wants to use for such an assessment. In this pap...

Gabriele Grandi 1,*, Jelena Loncarski 2 and Milan Srndovic 1 1 Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, Bologna 40136, Italy; [email protected] 2 Department of Engineering Sciences, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 534, Uppsala S-751 21, Sweden; [email protected] * Correspo...

Results from air pollution exposure assessment studies suggest that ambient fine particles [particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter<or=2.5 microg (PM2.5)], but not ambient gases, are strong proxies of corresponding personal exposures. For particles, the strength of the personal-ambient association can differ by particle component and level of home ventilation. For gases, however, such as o...

The environment in which foods are prepared and handled can have significant impact on microbiological safety and quality, particularly for ready-to-eat foods. Outbreaks associated with Listeria monocytogenes and salmonellae have led to an increasing awareness that certain pathogens can persist in food processing environments, contaminate foods as they are being processed and lead to foodborne ...

Autotrophic denitrification with sulphide using nitrate (R1) and nitrite (R2) as electron acceptor was investigated at bench scale. Different solids retention times (SRT) (5 and 20 d) have been tested in R1 while R2 was operated at SRT=13 d. The results indicated that the process allows complete sulphide removal to be achieved in all tested conditions. Tested sulphide loads were estimated from ...